pytorch/test/distributed/test_symmetric_memory.py

# Owner(s): ["module: c10d"]

import itertools
import os
import random
from contextlib import nullcontext
from unittest import skip, skipIf

import torch
import torch.distributed as dist
import torch.distributed._symmetric_memory as symm_mem
from torch._C._autograd import DeviceType
from torch._C._distributed_c10d import _SymmetricMemory
from torch._inductor.utils import fresh_cache, run_and_get_triton_code
from torch.distributed._functional_collectives import all_gather_tensor
from torch.distributed._symmetric_memory import (
    _fused_all_gather_matmul_fallback,
    _fused_all_gather_scaled_matmul_fallback,
    _fused_matmul_reduce_scatter_fallback,
    _test_mode,
    enable_symm_mem_for_group,
    restride_A_for_fused_matmul_reduce_scatter,
    restride_A_shard_for_fused_all_gather_matmul,
)
from torch.testing._internal.common_cuda import _get_torch_cuda_version, SM90OrLater
from torch.testing._internal.common_device_type import e4m3_type
from torch.testing._internal.common_distributed import (
    MultiProcContinuousTest,
    MultiProcessTestCase,
    PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM,
    requires_multicast_support,
    skip_if_lt_x_gpu,
    skip_if_rocm_multiprocess,
    skip_if_rocm_ver_lessthan_multiprocess,
)
from torch.testing._internal.common_utils import (
    instantiate_parametrized_tests,
    parametrize,
    requires_cuda,
    requires_cuda_p2p_access,
    run_tests,
    TEST_WITH_ROCM,
    TestCase,
)


test_contexts = [nullcontext, _test_mode]

# So that tests are written in device-agnostic way
device_type = "cuda"
device_module = torch.get_device_module(device_type)


@instantiate_parametrized_tests
@requires_cuda_p2p_access()
class SymmetricMemoryTest(MultiProcContinuousTest):
    @property
    def device(self) -> torch.device:
        return torch.device(device_type, self.rank)

    def _init_process(self):
        torch.cuda.set_device(self.device)
        torch.manual_seed(42 + self.rank)

    def test_has_multicast_support(self) -> None:
        # validate that has_multicast_support() returns "false" instead of throwing
        self.assertFalse(_SymmetricMemory.has_multicast_support(DeviceType.CPU, 0))
        # NOTE: DeviceType.CUDA is implicitly tested through @requires_multicast_support

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    def test_get_backend(self) -> None:
        backend = symm_mem.get_backend(torch.device("cuda"))
        self.assertIsNotNone(backend)
        backend = symm_mem.get_backend("cuda")
        self.assertIsNotNone(backend)

    @skip_if_rocm_multiprocess
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    def test_cuda_nvlink_connectivity_detection(self) -> None:
        from torch._C._distributed_c10d import _detect_dma_connectivity

        connectivity = _detect_dma_connectivity(DeviceType.CUDA, "nvlink")
        self.assertEqual(connectivity.device_type, DeviceType.CUDA)
        self.assertEqual(connectivity.connection_type, "nvlink")
        self.assertEqual(len(connectivity.matrix), torch.cuda.device_count())
        for row in connectivity.matrix:
            self.assertEqual(len(row), torch.cuda.device_count())

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    def test_large_alloc(self) -> None:
        t = symm_mem.empty(2 * 1024**3, dtype=torch.uint8, device="cuda")
        self.assertEqual(t.numel() * t.element_size(), 2 * 1024**3)

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    def test_get_signal_pad(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        t = symm_mem.empty(1, device="cuda")
        symm_mem_hdl = symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=dist.group.WORLD)
        peer_rank = (self.rank + 1) % self.world_size

        signal_pad = symm_mem_hdl.get_signal_pad(self.rank)
        self.assertEqual(
            signal_pad.data_ptr(), symm_mem_hdl.signal_pad_ptrs[symm_mem_hdl.rank]
        )

        signal_pad = symm_mem_hdl.get_signal_pad(peer_rank)
        self.assertEqual(signal_pad.dtype, torch.uint32)
        self.assertEqual(signal_pad.numel(), symm_mem_hdl.signal_pad_size // 4)

        # Only specify sizes
        signal_pad = symm_mem_hdl.get_signal_pad(peer_rank, (8, 8))
        self.assertEqual(signal_pad.dtype, torch.uint32)
        self.assertEqual(signal_pad.numel(), 64)

        # Only specify dtype
        signal_pad = symm_mem_hdl.get_signal_pad(peer_rank, dtype=torch.uint64)
        self.assertEqual(signal_pad.dtype, torch.uint64)
        self.assertEqual(signal_pad.numel(), symm_mem_hdl.signal_pad_size // 8)

        # Specify both sizes and dtype
        signal_pad = symm_mem_hdl.get_signal_pad(peer_rank, (8, 8), dtype=torch.uint64)
        self.assertEqual(signal_pad.dtype, torch.uint64)
        self.assertEqual(signal_pad.numel(), 64)

        # Sanity check that writes to buffer doesn't corrupt signal_pad
        t = symm_mem.empty(0, device="cuda")
        symm_mem_hdl = symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=dist.group.WORLD)
        signal_pad = symm_mem_hdl.get_signal_pad(self.rank)
        signal_pad.fill_(42)
        t.fill_(0)
        self.assertTrue(signal_pad.eq(42).all())

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @requires_cuda
    def test_allow_overlapping_devices(self) -> None:
        os.environ["TORCH_SYMM_MEM_ALLOW_OVERLAPPING_DEVICES"] = "1"
        t = symm_mem.empty(64, device="cuda:0")
        symm_mem_hdl = symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=dist.group.WORLD)

        self.assertEqual(symm_mem_hdl.rank, self.rank)
        self.assertEqual(symm_mem_hdl.world_size, self.world_size)

        for rank in range(self.world_size):
            buf = symm_mem_hdl.get_buffer(rank, (64,), torch.float32)
            if rank == self.rank:
                self.assertEqual(buf.data_ptr(), t.data_ptr())
            else:
                self.assertEqual(buf.device, t.device)

        os.environ["TORCH_SYMM_MEM_ALLOW_OVERLAPPING_DEVICES"] = "0"

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("symm_mem_input", [True, False])
    def test_low_contention_all_gather(self, symm_mem_input: bool) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        if symm_mem_input:
            t = _SymmetricMemory.empty_strided_p2p(
                size=(64, 64),
                stride=(64, 1),
                dtype=torch.float32,
                device=self.device,
                group_name="0",
            ).fill_(self.rank)
        else:
            t = torch.full((64, 64), self.rank, dtype=torch.float32, device=self.device)

        res = torch.ops.symm_mem._low_contention_all_gather(t, "0")
        res = torch.ops._c10d_functional.wait_tensor(res)
        self.assertEqual(res.shape, (64 * self.world_size, 64))

        chunks = res.chunk(self.world_size)
        for r in range(self.world_size):
            self.assertTrue(chunks[r].eq(r).all())

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("reduce_op", ["sum", "avg"])
    @parametrize("symm_mem_input", [True, False])
    def test_low_contention_reduce_scatter(
        self, reduce_op: str, symm_mem_input: bool
    ) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        if symm_mem_input:
            t = _SymmetricMemory.empty_strided_p2p(
                size=(64, 64),
                stride=(64, 1),
                dtype=torch.float32,
                device=self.device,
                group_name="0",
            )
        else:
            t = torch.empty((64, 64), dtype=torch.float32, device=self.device)

        chunks = t.chunk(self.world_size)
        for r in range(self.world_size):
            chunks[r].fill_(r)

        res = torch.ops.symm_mem._low_contention_reduce_scatter(t, reduce_op, "0")
        res = torch.ops._c10d_functional.wait_tensor(res)
        self.assertEqual(res.shape, (64 // self.world_size, 64))

        if reduce_op == "sum":
            expect = self.rank * self.world_size
        elif reduce_op == "avg":
            expect = self.rank
        else:
            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected reduce_op: {reduce_op}")
        self.assertTrue(res.eq(expect).all())

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(4)
    def test_subgroup(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        ranks = list(range(self.world_size))
        subgroup_0 = dist.new_group(ranks[: len(ranks) // 2])
        subgroup_1 = dist.new_group(ranks[len(ranks) // 2 :])

        world = dist.group.WORLD
        subgroup = subgroup_0 if world.rank() < world.size() // 2 else subgroup_1

        t = symm_mem.empty(64, device="cuda")
        symm_mem_world = symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=world)
        symm_mem_subgroup = symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=subgroup)

        self.assertEqual(symm_mem_world.world_size, world.size())
        self.assertEqual(symm_mem_world.rank, world.rank())
        self.assertEqual(symm_mem_subgroup.world_size, world.size() // 2)
        self.assertEqual(symm_mem_subgroup.rank, world.rank() % subgroup.size())

        t.fill_(world.rank())
        symm_mem_world.barrier()

        # Observe a peer buffer via the world group
        peer_rank = (world.rank() + 1) % world.size()
        buf = symm_mem_world.get_buffer(peer_rank, (64,), torch.float32)
        self.assertTrue(buf.eq(peer_rank).all())

        # Observe a peer buffer via the subgroup
        peer_rank = (subgroup.rank() + 1) % subgroup.size()
        buf = symm_mem_subgroup.get_buffer(peer_rank, (64,), torch.float32)
        if world.rank() < world.size() // 2:
            self.assertTrue(buf.eq(peer_rank).all())
        else:
            self.assertTrue(buf.eq(peer_rank + world.size() // 2).all())


# We move AsyncTP tests to a seperate test suite because 1) Async TP ops are not
# the core symmetric memory APIs, they are more like applications, 2)
# MultiProcContinuousTest will skip all the following tests if a test fails (
# we should fix this too). We still want to get the test signals for the core
# symmetric memory APIs when Async TP ops fail.
@instantiate_parametrized_tests
@requires_cuda_p2p_access()
class AsyncTPTest(MultiProcContinuousTest):
    @property
    def device(self) -> torch.device:
        return torch.device(device_type, self.rank)

    def _init_process(self):
        torch.cuda.set_device(self.device)
        torch.manual_seed(42 + self.rank)
        torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(True)
        torch.set_deterministic_debug_mode("warn")
        torch.utils.deterministic.fill_uninitialized_memory = True

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("gather_dim", [0, 1])
    def test_fused_all_gather_matmul(self, gather_dim: int) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        BATCH = 8
        M = 64
        N = 16
        K = 32
        group = dist.group.WORLD
        rank = self.rank

        torch.manual_seed(42 + rank)
        A_shard = torch.rand(BATCH, M // self.world_size, K, device="cuda")
        Bs = [torch.rand(K, N, device="cuda") for _ in range(3)]

        ag_output_0, mm_outputs_0 = _fused_all_gather_matmul_fallback(
            A_shard, Bs, gather_dim=gather_dim, group_name=group.group_name
        )
        ag_output_1, mm_outputs_1 = torch.ops.symm_mem.fused_all_gather_matmul(
            A_shard, Bs, gather_dim=gather_dim, group_name=group.group_name
        )

        assert torch.allclose(ag_output_0, ag_output_1)
        assert ag_output_0.stride() == ag_output_1.stride()
        for mm_output_0, mm_output_1 in zip(mm_outputs_0, mm_outputs_1):
            assert torch.allclose(mm_output_0, mm_output_1)
            assert mm_output_0.stride(), mm_output_1.stride()

    @skip_if_rocm_multiprocess  # this requires async_input_mm support
    @skipIf(
        not SM90OrLater,
        "_fused_all_gather_matmul_native currently only supports sm>=90",
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("symm_mem_input", [True, False])
    @parametrize("is_b_row_major", [True, False])
    def test_fused_all_gather_matmul_native(
        self, symm_mem_input: bool, is_b_row_major: bool
    ) -> None:
        os.environ["TORCH_SYMM_MEM_ENABLE_NATIVE_ASYNC_TP"] = "1"
        self._init_process()

        # See _should_use_fused_all_gather_matmul_native() for the algo
        # selection criteria of _fused_all_gather_matmul_native().
        M = 4096
        N = 1024
        K = 1024
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name

        torch.manual_seed(42 + self.rank)
        if symm_mem_input:
            A_shard = symm_mem.empty(
                M // self.world_size,
                K,
                dtype=torch.bfloat16,
                device=self.device,
            ).normal_()
        else:
            A_shard = torch.rand(
                M // self.world_size, K, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device="cuda"
            )

        if is_b_row_major:
            B = torch.rand(K, N, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device="cuda")
        else:
            B = torch.rand(N, K, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device="cuda").t()

        ag_baseline, mm_baseline = _fused_all_gather_matmul_fallback(
            A_shard, [B], gather_dim=0, group_name=group_name
        )
        with torch.profiler.profile(
            activities=[
                torch.profiler.ProfilerActivity.CUDA,
            ],
        ) as prof:
            ag_target, mm_target = torch.ops.symm_mem.fused_all_gather_matmul(
                A_shard, [B], gather_dim=0, group_name=group_name
            )

        self.assertTrue(
            any("PersistentAsyncInputScheduler" in event.key for event in prof.events())
        )

        torch.testing.assert_close(ag_target, ag_baseline)
        torch.testing.assert_close(mm_target[0], mm_baseline[0])
        os.environ["TORCH_SYMM_MEM_ENABLE_NATIVE_ASYNC_TP"] = "0"

    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @requires_multicast_support()
    def test_multimem_all_gather_matmul(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        # See _should_use_multimem_all_gather_matmul() for the algo
        # selection criteria of _multimem_gather_matmul().
        M = 1024
        N = 1024
        K = 1024
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name

        torch.manual_seed(42 + self.rank)
        A_shard = torch.rand(
            M // self.world_size, K, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device="cuda"
        )

        B = torch.rand(K, N, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device="cuda")

        ag_baseline, mm_baseline = _fused_all_gather_matmul_fallback(
            A_shard, [B], gather_dim=0, group_name=group_name, return_A=False
        )
        with torch.profiler.profile(
            activities=[
                torch.profiler.ProfilerActivity.CUDA,
            ],
        ) as prof:
            ag_target, mm_target = torch.ops.symm_mem.fused_all_gather_matmul(
                A_shard, [B], gather_dim=0, group_name=group_name, return_A=False
            )

        self.assertTrue(
            any("multimem_all_gather_kernel" in event.key for event in prof.events())
        )

        torch.testing.assert_close(ag_target, ag_baseline)
        torch.testing.assert_close(mm_target[0], mm_baseline[0])

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("gather_dim", [0, 1])
    @parametrize(
        "scale_mode", ["tensor-wise", "row-wise-replicated", "row-wise-sharded"]
    )
    def test_fused_all_gather_scaled_matmul(
        self, gather_dim: int, scale_mode: str
    ) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        BATCH = 8
        M = 64
        N = 16
        K = 32
        group = dist.group.WORLD
        rank = self.rank

        if gather_dim == 0:
            leading_dims = (BATCH // self.world_size, M)
        elif gather_dim == 1:
            leading_dims = (BATCH, M // self.world_size)
        else:
            raise AssertionError("Invalid scale_mode: {scale_mode}")

        torch.manual_seed(42 + rank)

        A_shard = torch.rand(*leading_dims, K, device="cuda").to(e4m3_type)
        Bs = [torch.rand(N, K, device="cuda").to(e4m3_type).T for _ in range(3)]

        if scale_mode == "tensor-wise":
            A_scale = torch.tensor(0.1, device="cuda")
            B_scales = [torch.tensor(0.1, device="cuda") for _ in range(3)]
            out_dtypes = [None, torch.bfloat16, torch.float32]
        elif scale_mode == "row-wise-sharded":
            A_scale = torch.full((*leading_dims, 1), 0.1, device="cuda")
            B_scales = [torch.full((1, N), 0.1, device="cuda") for _ in range(3)]
            out_dtypes = [torch.bfloat16] * 3
        elif scale_mode == "row-wise-replicated":
            A_scale = torch.full((BATCH, M, 1), 0.1, device="cuda")
            B_scales = [torch.full((1, N), 0.1, device="cuda") for _ in range(3)]
            out_dtypes = [torch.bfloat16] * 3
        else:
            raise AssertionError(f"Invalid scale_mode: {scale_mode}")

        ag_output_0, mm_outputs_0 = _fused_all_gather_scaled_matmul_fallback(
            A_shard,
            Bs,
            A_scale,
            B_scales,
            gather_dim=gather_dim,
            group_name=group.group_name,
            biases=[None] * len(Bs),
            result_scales=[None] * len(Bs),
            out_dtypes=out_dtypes,
            use_fast_accum=[None] * len(Bs),
        )
        ag_output_1, mm_outputs_1 = torch.ops.symm_mem.fused_all_gather_scaled_matmul(
            A_shard,
            Bs,
            A_scale,
            B_scales,
            gather_dim=gather_dim,
            group_name=group.group_name,
            biases=[None] * len(Bs),
            result_scales=[None] * len(Bs),
            out_dtypes=out_dtypes,
            use_fast_accum=[None] * len(Bs),
        )

        self.assertTrue(
            torch.allclose(
                ag_output_0.to(torch.float32),
                ag_output_1.to(torch.float32),
            )
        )
        self.assertEqual(ag_output_0.stride(), ag_output_1.stride())
        for mm_output_0, mm_output_1 in zip(mm_outputs_0, mm_outputs_1):
            self.assertTrue(
                torch.allclose(
                    mm_output_0.to(torch.float32), mm_output_1.to(torch.float32)
                )
            )
            self.assertEqual(mm_output_0.stride(), mm_output_1.stride())
            self.assertEqual(mm_output_0.dtype, mm_output_1.dtype)

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("scatter_dim", [0, 1])
    def test_fused_matmul_reduce_scatter(self, scatter_dim: int) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        BATCH = 8
        M = 64
        N = 16
        K = 32
        group = dist.group.WORLD
        rank = self.rank

        torch.manual_seed(42 + rank)
        A = torch.rand(BATCH, M, K, device="cuda")
        B = torch.rand(K, N, device="cuda")

        output_0 = _fused_matmul_reduce_scatter_fallback(
            A, B, "avg", scatter_dim=scatter_dim, group_name=group.group_name
        )
        output_1 = torch.ops.symm_mem.fused_matmul_reduce_scatter(
            A, B, "avg", scatter_dim=scatter_dim, group_name=group.group_name
        )

        assert torch.allclose(output_0, output_1)
        assert output_0.stride() == output_1.stride()

    @skip_if_rocm_multiprocess  # AsyncTP support changed _fused_scaled_matmul_reduce_scatter_fallback API, need more changes
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("scatter_dim", [0, 1])
    @parametrize("rowwise", [True, False])
    def test_fused_scaled_matmul_reduce_scatter(
        self, scatter_dim: int, rowwise: bool
    ) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        BATCH = 8
        M = 64
        N = 16
        K = 32
        group = dist.group.WORLD
        rank = self.rank

        torch.manual_seed(42 + rank)
        A = torch.rand(BATCH, M, K, device="cuda").to(e4m3_type)
        B = torch.rand(N, K, device="cuda").to(e4m3_type).T

        if rowwise:
            A_scale = torch.full((BATCH, M, 1), 0.1, device="cuda")
            B_scale = torch.full((1, N), 0.1, device="cuda")
        else:
            A_scale = torch.tensor(0.1, device="cuda")
            B_scale = torch.tensor(0.1, device="cuda")

        output_shape = [*A.shape[:-1], B.shape[1]]

        outputs = []
        for context in test_contexts:
            with context():
                outputs.append(
                    torch.ops.symm_mem.fused_scaled_matmul_reduce_scatter(
                        A,
                        B,
                        A_scale,
                        B_scale,
                        "avg",
                        scatter_dim,
                        scatter_dim,
                        group.group_name,
                        output_shape,
                        out_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
                    )
                )

        assert outputs[0].stride() == outputs[1].stride()
        self.assertEqual(outputs[0], outputs[1])

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @parametrize("dim", [0, 1, 2])
    def test_optimal_layout(self, dim: int) -> None:
        t = torch.rand(8, 64, 32, 16)

        x = restride_A_shard_for_fused_all_gather_matmul(t, dim)
        self.assertTrue(x.movedim(dim, 0).is_contiguous())
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(x, t))

        x = restride_A_for_fused_matmul_reduce_scatter(t, dim)
        self.assertTrue(x.movedim(dim, 0).is_contiguous())
        self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(x, t))


# [READ ME FIRST]
# The `SymmMemEmptySetDeviceTest` suite parameterizes whether user sets the
# device before calling symm_mem.emtpy.  Either way should work.
# However, since `set_device` is persistent, we cannot use the
# `MultiProcContinuousTest` template because the next function will be
# "contaminated", leading to flaky tests (e.g. hang). Therefore, we use
# `MultiProcessTestCase` which spawns new processes for each test function.
# Please limit the number of tests you want to add under this test
# suite as respawning processes and `init_process_group` is expensive.
@instantiate_parametrized_tests
@requires_cuda_p2p_access()
class SymmMemEmptySetDeviceTest(MultiProcessTestCase):
    def setUp(self) -> None:
        super().setUp()
        self._spawn_processes()

    @property
    def world_size(self) -> int:
        return device_module.device_count()

    @property
    def device(self) -> torch.device:
        return torch.device(device_type, self.rank)

    def _init_process(self, set_device: bool):
        if set_device:
            torch.cuda.set_device(self.device)
        store = dist.FileStore(self.file_name, self.world_size)
        dist.init_process_group(
            backend="nccl",
            world_size=self.world_size,
            rank=self.rank,
            store=store,
        )
        torch.manual_seed(42 + self.rank)

    def _get_test_alloc_args(self):
        shape = (64, 64)
        stride = (64, 1)
        dtype = torch.float32
        device = self.device
        return (shape, stride, dtype, device)

    def _verify_symmetric_memory(self, symm_mem_hdl):
        self.assertEqual(symm_mem_hdl.world_size, self.world_size)

        buf = symm_mem_hdl.get_buffer(
            0, (symm_mem_hdl.buffer_size // 4,), torch.float32
        )
        self.assertEqual(buf.storage_offset(), 0)
        self.assertEqual(buf.untyped_storage().size(), symm_mem_hdl.buffer_size)

        if symm_mem_hdl.rank == 0:
            symm_mem_hdl.wait_signal(src_rank=1)
            self.assertTrue(buf.eq(42).all())
        else:
            buf.fill_(42)
            symm_mem_hdl.put_signal(dst_rank=0)

        symm_mem_hdl.barrier()

        if symm_mem_hdl.rank == 0:
            symm_mem_hdl.barrier()
            self.assertTrue(buf.eq(43).all())
        else:
            buf.fill_(43)
            symm_mem_hdl.barrier()

        symm_mem_hdl.barrier()

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("set_device", [True, False])
    def test_empty_strided_p2p(self, set_device: bool) -> None:
        self._init_process(set_device)
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name
        enable_symm_mem_for_group(group_name)

        alloc_args = self._get_test_alloc_args()

        t = torch.empty((64, 64), device=self.device)
        self.assertIsNone(_SymmetricMemory.rendezvous(t))

        t = _SymmetricMemory.empty_strided_p2p(*alloc_args, group_name=group_name)
        symm_mem_hdl = _SymmetricMemory.rendezvous(t)

        del t
        self._verify_symmetric_memory(symm_mem_hdl)

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_rocm_ver_lessthan_multiprocess((7, 0))
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @parametrize("set_device", [True, False])
    def test_empty_strided_p2p_persistent(self, set_device: bool) -> None:
        self._init_process(set_device)
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name
        enable_symm_mem_for_group(group_name)

        alloc_args = self._get_test_alloc_args()

        alloc_id = 42 + random.randint(0, 2147483647)
        t = _SymmetricMemory.empty_strided_p2p(
            *alloc_args, group_name=group_name, alloc_id=alloc_id
        )
        data_ptr = t.data_ptr()

        # Verify that persistent allocation would fail if there's an active
        # allocation with the same alloc_id.
        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
            _SymmetricMemory.empty_strided_p2p(
                *alloc_args, group_name=group_name, alloc_id=alloc_id
            )

        # Verify that persistent allocation would succeed in lieu of activate
        # allocations with the same alloc_id, and the returned tensor would
        # have the same data pointer.
        del t
        t = _SymmetricMemory.empty_strided_p2p(
            *alloc_args, group_name=group_name, alloc_id=alloc_id
        )
        self.assertEqual(t.data_ptr(), data_ptr)

        symm_mem_hdl = _SymmetricMemory.rendezvous(t)
        self._verify_symmetric_memory(symm_mem_hdl)


# This Test class is used to test the error handling of SymmetricMemory APIs.
# Since a process restart is often needed after each test, we use the
# MultiProcessTestCase instead of MultiProcContinuousTest.
@requires_cuda_p2p_access()
class SymmMemNegativeTest(MultiProcessTestCase):
    def setUp(self) -> None:
        super().setUp()
        self._spawn_processes()

    @property
    def world_size(self) -> int:
        return device_module.device_count()

    @property
    def device(self) -> torch.device:
        return torch.device(device_type, self.rank)

    def _init_process(self):
        torch.cuda.set_device(self.device)
        store = dist.FileStore(self.file_name, self.world_size)
        dist.init_process_group(
            backend="nccl",
            world_size=self.world_size,
            rank=self.rank,
            store=store,
        )
        torch.manual_seed(42 + self.rank)

    # These timeout tests are skipped on ROCm because timeout calls trap(), which
    # is handled differently inside hip runtime. It collects gpu coredump and causes
    # the linux kernel to create a core dump of the host application. The functionality
    # is there, meaning timeout is happening correctly. However, there isn't a nice way
    # to test it as the current executing thread will coredump and exit.
    @skip_if_rocm_multiprocess
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    def test_barrier_timeout(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        t = symm_mem.empty(1, device="cuda")
        symm_mem_hdl = symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=dist.group.WORLD)

        if self.rank == 0:
            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
                symm_mem_hdl.barrier(timeout_ms=1000)
                torch.cuda.synchronize()
        else:
            torch.cuda.synchronize()

        # The device-side timeout triggers a __trap() that causes all
        # subsequent host/device interactions to result in an "unspecified
        # launch failure." Using os._exit(0) to abort the test, as it's
        # impossible to terminate the process in this state.
        os._exit(0)

    # These timeout tests are skipped on ROCm because timeout calls trap(), which
    # is handled differently inside hip runtime. It collects gpu coredump and causes
    # the linux kernel to create a core dump of the host application. The functionality
    # is there, meaning timeout is happening correctly. However, there isn't a nice way
    # to test it as the current executing thread will coredump and exit.
    @skip_if_rocm_multiprocess
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    def test_put_signal_timeout(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        t = symm_mem.empty(1, device="cuda")
        symm_mem_hdl = symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=dist.group.WORLD)

        if self.rank == 0:
            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
                # First, put a signal into rank 1's signal pad. Since rank 1
                # doesn't wait on this signal, the subsequent put will timeout.
                symm_mem_hdl.put_signal(dst_rank=1)
                symm_mem_hdl.put_signal(dst_rank=1, timeout_ms=1000)
                torch.cuda.synchronize()
        else:
            torch.cuda.synchronize()

        # The device-side timeout triggers a __trap() that causes all
        # subsequent host/device interactions to result in an "unspecified
        # launch failure." Using os._exit(0) to abort the test, as it's
        # impossible to terminate the process in this state.
        os._exit(0)

    # These timeout tests are skipped on ROCm because timeout calls trap(), which
    # is handled differently inside hip runtime. It collects gpu coredump and causes
    # the linux kernel to create a core dump of the host application. The functionality
    # is there, meaning timeout is happening correctly. However, there isn't a nice way
    # to test it as the current executing thread will coredump and exit.
    @skip_if_rocm_multiprocess
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    def test_wait_signal_timeout(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()

        t = symm_mem.empty(1, device="cuda")
        symm_mem_hdl = symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=dist.group.WORLD)

        if self.rank == 0:
            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
                symm_mem_hdl.wait_signal(src_rank=1, timeout_ms=1000)
                torch.cuda.synchronize()
        else:
            torch.cuda.synchronize()

        # The device-side timeout triggers a __trap() that causes all
        # subsequent host/device interactions to result in an "unspecified
        # launch failure." Using os._exit(0) to abort the test, as it's
        # impossible to terminate the process in this state.
        os._exit(0)


@instantiate_parametrized_tests
@requires_cuda_p2p_access()
class SymmMemCollectiveTest(MultiProcContinuousTest):
    @property
    def device(self) -> torch.device:
        return torch.device(device_type, self.rank)

    def _init_process(self):
        torch.cuda.set_device(self.device)
        torch.manual_seed(42 + self.rank)

    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(4)
    @requires_multicast_support()
    @parametrize("dtype", [torch.float, torch.bfloat16])
    @parametrize("align_bytes", [4, 8, 16])
    @parametrize("size_bytes", [4, 8192, 8196])
    def test_multimem_all_reduce(
        self, dtype: torch.dtype, size_bytes: int, align_bytes: int
    ) -> None:
        self._init_process()
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name

        t = symm_mem.empty((16384), dtype=dtype, device=self.device)
        symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=dist.group.WORLD)

        self.assertTrue(t.data_ptr() % 16 == 0)
        self.assertTrue(align_bytes % t.element_size() == 0)
        self.assertTrue(size_bytes % t.element_size() == 0)

        shift = align_bytes // t.element_size()
        numel = size_bytes // t.element_size()
        res = t[shift : shift + numel]
        res.normal_()
        inp = res.clone()

        torch.ops.symm_mem.multimem_all_reduce_(res, "sum", group_name)

        # Head and tail should not be written
        self.assertTrue(t[:shift].eq(0).all().item())
        self.assertTrue(t[shift + numel :].eq(0).all().item())
        self._verify_all_reduce_result(inp, res)

    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(4)
    @requires_multicast_support()
    @parametrize("dtype", [torch.float, torch.bfloat16])
    @parametrize("align_bytes", [4, 8, 16])
    @parametrize("size_bytes", [4, 8192, 8196])
    def test_multimem_one_shot_all_reduce(
        self, dtype: torch.dtype, size_bytes: int, align_bytes: int
    ) -> None:
        self._init_process()
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name

        inp = symm_mem.empty(
            size_bytes // dtype.itemsize, dtype=dtype, device=self.device
        ).normal_()
        symm_mem.rendezvous(inp, group=group_name)

        res = torch.ops.symm_mem.multimem_one_shot_all_reduce(inp, "sum", group_name)

        gathered_inps = all_gather_tensor(inp, 0, "0").view(self.world_size, -1)
        # Only verify that the results are close to the sum of inputs across
        # ranks (see Note [multimem_one_shot_all_reduce]).
        torch.testing.assert_close(
            gathered_inps.sum(dim=0), res, rtol=1e-03, atol=1e-05
        )

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(4)
    def test_one_shot_all_reduce(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name

        for dtype, size_bytes, align_bytes, copy, offset in itertools.product(
            [torch.float, torch.bfloat16],
            [4, 8192, 8196],
            [
                8
            ],  # TODO: add back [4, 8, 16], currently OOM when looping over all combinations
            [True, False],
            [0, 16],
        ):
            inp = symm_mem.empty(
                size_bytes // dtype.itemsize + offset, dtype=dtype, device=self.device
            )
            symm_mem.rendezvous(inp, group=group_name)
            if not copy:
                inp.normal_()
                res = torch.ops.symm_mem.one_shot_all_reduce(
                    inp[offset:], "sum", group_name
                )
            if copy:
                local_inp = torch.randn_like(inp[offset:])
                res = torch.ops.symm_mem.one_shot_all_reduce_copy(
                    inp[offset:], local_inp, "sum", group_name
                )
            self._verify_all_reduce_result(local_inp if copy else inp[offset:], res)

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(4)
    def test_two_shot_all_reduce(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name

        for dtype, size_bytes, align_bytes, inplace in itertools.product(
            [torch.float, torch.bfloat16],
            [4, 8192, 8196],
            [
                8
            ],  # TODO: add back [4, 8, 16], currently OOM when looping over all combinations
            [True, False],
        ):
            t = symm_mem.empty(16384, dtype=dtype, device=self.device).fill_(0)
            symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=group_name)

            self.assertTrue(t.data_ptr() % 16 == 0)
            self.assertTrue(align_bytes % t.element_size() == 0)
            self.assertTrue(size_bytes % t.element_size() == 0)

            shift = align_bytes // t.element_size()
            numel = size_bytes // t.element_size()
            res = t[shift : shift + numel]
            res.normal_()
            inp = res.clone()
            if not inplace:
                out = torch.empty_like(inp)
                torch.ops.symm_mem.two_shot_all_reduce_out(res, "sum", group_name, out)
            else:
                torch.ops.symm_mem.two_shot_all_reduce_(res, "sum", group_name)

            # Head and tail should not be written
            self.assertTrue(t[:shift].eq(0).all().item())
            self.assertTrue(t[shift + numel :].eq(0).all().item())
            self._verify_all_reduce_result(inp, res if inplace else out)

    def _verify_all_reduce_result(self, inp, res):
        gathered_res = all_gather_tensor(res, 0, "0").view(self.world_size, -1)
        # Verify that the results across ranks are identical
        self.assertEqual(
            (gathered_res == gathered_res[0, :]).all(dim=0).sum(), inp.numel()
        )

        # Verify that the result are close to the sum of inputs across ranks
        gathered_inps = all_gather_tensor(inp, 0, "0").view(self.world_size, -1)
        torch.testing.assert_close(
            gathered_inps.sum(dim=0), res, rtol=1e-01, atol=1e-01
        )

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(4)
    def test_reduce_scatter(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name

        for dtype, size_bytes, align_bytes, split_last_dim in itertools.product(
            [torch.float, torch.bfloat16],
            [128, 8192, 36 * 1024 * 16],
            [
                8
            ],  # TODO: add back [4, 8, 16], currently OOM when looping over all combinations
            [True, False],
        ):
            t = symm_mem.empty(36 * 1024 * 16, dtype=dtype, device=self.device).fill_(0)
            symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=group_name)

            self.assertTrue(t.data_ptr() % 16 == 0)
            self.assertTrue(align_bytes % t.element_size() == 0)
            self.assertTrue(size_bytes % t.element_size() == 0)

            shift = align_bytes // t.element_size()
            numel = size_bytes // t.element_size()
            res = t[shift : shift + numel].normal_()
            if split_last_dim:
                res = res.view(-1, 128 // t.element_size())
            inp = res.clone()
            out_size = list(inp.shape)
            out_size[-1] = inp.shape[-1] // self.world_size
            out = torch.empty(out_size, dtype=dtype, device=self.device)
            torch.ops.symm_mem.reduce_scatter_out(res, group_name, split_last_dim, out)

            # Head and tail should not be written
            self.assertTrue(t[:shift].eq(0).all().item())
            self.assertTrue(t[shift + numel :].eq(0).all().item())
            self._verify_reduce_scatter_result(inp, out)

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(4)
    def test_reduce_scatter_corner_cases(self) -> None:
        self._init_process()
        dtype = torch.bfloat16
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name
        t = symm_mem.empty(16384, dtype=dtype, device=self.device).fill_(0)
        symm_mem.rendezvous(t, group=group_name)
        res = t[:0]
        out_size = res.shape[0] // self.world_size
        out = torch.empty(out_size, dtype=dtype, device=self.device)
        torch.ops.symm_mem.reduce_scatter_out(res, group_name, False, out)
        res = t[:48]
        out_size = res.shape[0] // self.world_size
        out = torch.empty(out_size, dtype=dtype, device=self.device)
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(RuntimeError, "divisible"):
            torch.ops.symm_mem.reduce_scatter_out(res, group_name, False, out)
        res = t[: 2 * 48].view(2, 48)
        out = torch.empty(2, 48 // self.world_size, dtype=dtype, device=self.device)
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(RuntimeError, "divisible"):
            torch.ops.symm_mem.reduce_scatter_out(res, group_name, True, out)

    def _verify_reduce_scatter_result(self, inp, res):
        gathered_res = all_gather_tensor(res, 0, "0").view(self.world_size, *res.shape)
        gathered_inps = all_gather_tensor(inp, 0, "0").view(self.world_size, *inp.shape)
        sum_inps = gathered_inps.sum(0)
        slice_width = sum_inps.shape[-1] // self.world_size
        for i in range(self.world_size):
            torch.testing.assert_close(
                gathered_res[i],
                sum_inps[..., i * slice_width : (i + 1) * slice_width],
                rtol=1e-01,
                atol=1.1e-01,
            )

    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(4)
    @requires_multicast_support()
    @parametrize("align_bytes", [4, 8, 16])
    def test_multimem_all_gather(self, align_bytes: int) -> None:
        self._init_process()
        group_name = dist.group.WORLD.group_name

        input_numel = 32
        shift = align_bytes // 4
        input = torch.zeros(shift + input_numel, device=self.device)[shift:].fill_(
            self.rank
        )

        out = symm_mem.empty(
            shift + input_numel * self.world_size, device=self.device
        ).zero_()[shift:]
        symm_mem.rendezvous(out, group=group_name)

        torch.ops.symm_mem.multimem_all_gather_out(input, group_name, out)
        ref = torch.ops._c10d_functional.all_gather_into_tensor(
            input, self.world_size, group_name
        )
        ref = torch.ops._c10d_functional.wait_tensor(ref)

        self.assertTrue(out.eq(ref).all())


@instantiate_parametrized_tests
@requires_cuda_p2p_access()
class LoweringTest(MultiProcContinuousTest):
    def _init_process(self) -> None:
        torch.cuda.set_device(self.device)
        enable_symm_mem_for_group(dist.group.WORLD.group_name)
        torch.manual_seed(42 + self.rank)
        torch._inductor.config._collective.auto_select = True

    @property
    def device(self) -> torch.device:
        return torch.device(device_type, self.rank)

    @skip("Fails with 'one_shot_all_reduce' not found in AOT graph, TODO: fix")
    @skip_if_rocm_multiprocess  # requires registered-buffer support
    @skip_if_lt_x_gpu(2)
    @fresh_cache()
    def test_lowering_one_shot_all_reduce(self):
        self._init_process()
        arg = torch.rand(4, 4, device=self.device)

        def func_0(x):
            x = x + 1
            x = torch.ops._c10d_functional.all_reduce(x, "sum", "0")
            return torch.ops._c10d_functional.wait_tensor(x)

        compiled_0 = torch.compile(func_0, fullgraph=True)
        code_0 = run_and_get_triton_code(compiled_0, arg)

        self.assertIn("one_shot_all_reduce", code_0)
        self.assertNotIn("return (buf0", code_0)

        # All-reduce on a slice view
        def func_1(x):
            x = x + 1
            x = x[2:]
            x = torch.ops._c10d_functional.all_reduce(x, "sum", "0")
            return torch.ops._c10d_functional.wait_tensor(x)

        compiled_1 = torch.compile(func_1, fullgraph=True)
        code_1 = run_and_get_triton_code(compiled_1, arg)

        self.assertIn("one_shot_all_reduce", code_1)
        self.assertNotIn("return (buf0", code_1)

        # All-reduce on input
        def func_2(x):
            x = torch.ops._c10d_functional.all_reduce(x, "sum", "0")
            return torch.ops._c10d_functional.wait_tensor(x)

        compiled_2 = torch.compile(func_2, fullgraph=True)
        code_2 = run_and_get_triton_code(compiled_2, arg)

        self.assertNotIn("one_shot_all_reduce", code_2)

        # All-reduce on matmul output
        def func_3(x):
            x = x @ x
            x = torch.ops._c10d_functional.all_reduce(x, "sum", "0")
            return torch.ops._c10d_functional.wait_tensor(x)

        compiled_3 = torch.compile(func_3, fullgraph=True)
        code_3 = run_and_get_triton_code(compiled_3, arg)

        self.assertIn("one_shot_all_reduce", code_3)
        self.assertNotIn("return (buf0", code_3)


class SymmMemSingleProcTest(TestCase):
    @requires_cuda
    @skipIf(
        not TEST_WITH_ROCM and _get_torch_cuda_version() < (12, 0),
        "stream_write_value32 currently only supports cuda version>=12.0",
    )
    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    def test_stream_write_value32(self):
        tensor = torch.zeros(4, dtype=torch.uint32, device="cuda")
        expect = torch.tril(torch.ones(4, 4, device="cuda")).to(torch.uint32)

        for i in range(4):
            _SymmetricMemory.stream_write_value32(tensor, i, 1)
            torch.testing.assert_close(tensor, expect[i])

        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
            _SymmetricMemory.stream_write_value32(tensor, offset=-1, val=1)

        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
            _SymmetricMemory.stream_write_value32(tensor, offset=0, val=4294967296)

    @skipIf(
        not PLATFORM_SUPPORTS_SYMM_MEM, "SymmMem is not supported on this ROCm arch"
    )
    @requires_cuda
    def test_memset32(self):
        t = _SymmetricMemory.empty_strided_p2p(
            (64,),
            (1,),
            dtype=torch.uint32,
            device=torch.device("cuda:0"),
            group_name="0",
        ).fill_(0)

        _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=32, val=1, count=16)
        self.assertTrue(t[:32].eq(0).all())
        self.assertTrue(t[32:48].eq(1).all())
        self.assertTrue(t[48:].eq(0).all())

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, "input must be a flat, contiguous uint32 tensor"
        ):
            _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t.view(8, 8), offset=0, val=1, count=1)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, "input must be a flat, contiguous uint32 tensor"
        ):
            _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t.view(torch.float32), offset=0, val=1, count=1)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, "offset must be greater than or equal to 0"
        ):
            _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=-1, val=1, count=1)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, r"val must be in the range of.*\(uint32_t\)"
        ):
            _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=0, val=4294967296, count=1)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(RuntimeError, "count must be a positive integer"):
            _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=0, val=1, count=-1)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(RuntimeError, "count must be a positive integer"):
            _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=0, val=1, count=0)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, r"offset \+ count.*exceeded the numel of the input"
        ):
            _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=64, val=1, count=1)

        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
            RuntimeError, r"offset \+ count.*exceeded the numel of the input"
        ):
            _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=0, val=1, count=65)

        _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=0, val=1, count=64)
        _SymmetricMemory.memset32(t, offset=63, val=1, count=1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    run_tests()