**Summary**
The reducer of `DistributedDataParallel` is implemented with C++ and it is not easy to trace the allreduce launched in the reducer. This PR modifies `DistributedDataParallel` to launch one allreduce per gradient when `compiled_autograd` is enabled. The changes allow us to use `compiled_autograd` to trace the allreduce and later be optimized (fused) in the Inductor.
**Key Logic**
1. If `ddp_python_hook` is True, we assume `compiled_autograd` is used. `DistributedDataParallel` registers `compiled_accum_grad_hook` for all parameters.
2. In the first forward() call, if `DistributedDataParallel` is not compiled, all `compiled_accum_grad_hook` are deregistered. If `DistributedDataParallel` is compiled, all `compiled_accum_grad_hook` will be compiled by `compiled_autograd`.
3. `compiled_accum_grad_hook` launches an allreduce to reduce the gradient of the parameter.
**Bucketing**
The compiled backward is slow because there is no bucketing for the allreduces. We rely on Inductor to bucket the allreduces.
The bucketing is done in a separate PR.
Differential Revision: [D49428482](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D49428482/)
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/110662
Approved by: https://github.com/wconstab
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averagers.py
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utils.py
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hierarchical_model_averager.py
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2
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/117038
Approved by: https://github.com/H-Huang
This does some code organization improvement.
- It renames `_FSDPPolicy` to `_Policy` to show that it is not only for FSDP but for any module-level API.
- It formalizes the contract that such a policy should return something like `target_module_to_kwargs: Dict[nn.Module, Dict[str, Any]]` that maps each module to wrap to its kwargs. It does so by requiring a `_run_policy` abstract method (this time private since users do not need to care about it). Then, our auto wrapping can just call `_run_policy()` to generate the dict and do any validation or post-processing.
This PR is technically BC-breaking because it removes the public `ModuleWrapPolicy.policy`. However, I do not think anyone was using that anyway, so this is a pretty safe breakage.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/104969
Approved by: https://github.com/rohan-varma
ghstack dependencies: #104427, #104967, #104999
### Background: Gradient Pre-Divide
Consider $N$ data parallel workers. Define $g_i$ to be the $i$ th worker's local unsharded gradient. Data parallel gradient reduction computes $\overline g = \frac{1}{N} \sum_{i \in [N]} g_i$.
$\sum_{i \in [N]} g_i$ increases the magnitude by a factor of $N$, which may overflow for fp16. However, if we pre-divide and compute $\sum_{i \in [N]} \frac{g_i}{N}$, then the $\frac{g_i}{N}$ may underflow. The current solution from Myle for FSDP is to pre-divide by $\sqrt{N}$ and post-divide by $\sqrt{N}$:
$$\overline{g} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{N}} \sum_{i \in [N]} \frac{g_i}{\sqrt{N}}.$$
Now, consider HSDP with $N = S \cdot R$ data parallel workers, sharding over $S$ workers and replicating over $R$ workers. Define $g_{i,j}$ to be the $i \cdot S + j$ th worker's local unsharded gradient (so sharding indexes with $i$ and replication indexes with $j$). The existing implementation computes
$$\overline{g} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{R}} \sum_{j \in [R]} \textcolor{red}{ \frac{1}{\sqrt{R}} \frac{1}{\sqrt{S}} } \sum_{i \in [S]} \frac{g_i}{\sqrt{S}},$$
where the $\frac{1}{\sqrt{R}} \frac{1}{\sqrt{S}}$ involves two separate `aten::div_` kernels.
### Revisiting Pre-Divide for HSDP
A minor optimization that we can do is with this intermediate `div_`. There are two options:
1. Compute $\overline{g}$ in the same way as FSDP:
$$\overline{g} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{N}} \sum_{j \in [R]} \sum_{i \in [S]} \frac{g_{i,j}}{\sqrt{N}}.$$
2. Compute $\overline{g}$ still with an intermediate division for rescaling but coalescing the two `divs_` into one:
$$\overline{g} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{R}} \sum_{j \in [R]} \textcolor{red}{ \frac{1}{\sqrt{N}} } \sum_{i \in [S]} \frac{g_i}{\sqrt{S}}$$
This PR goes with the 1st approach prioritizing performance because (1) it matches the existing FSDP behavior and (2) it avoids a memor-bandwidth bound `div_` kernel that blocks all-reduce launch.
### Implementation Details
In order to accommodate this, we need to refactor the communication hook logic that baked the gradient pre/post-division into the default hook.
- We raise an error if registering a communication hook for HSDP since the current implementation would only apply the hook to the reduce-scatter, not the all-reduce, which may be unexpected.
- We change it so that `state._comm_hook is not None` iff a communication hook is registered. This makes the collectives and the pre/post-division in the default no-communication-hook path more visible in the code.
Differential Revision: [D47852459](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D47852459)
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/106034
Approved by: https://github.com/rohan-varma
This PR re-lands
- [Typing] Fix PEP 484 Violation (#105022)
- Update mypy to 1.4.1 (#91983)
That were reverted due to the conflict with internal source repo.
Mostly fixes for PEP-484 violation (i.e. when default arg is set to None, but type is not annotated as optional)
Plus few real fixes:
- Add missing `_get_upgraders_entry_map` to `torch/_C/__init__.pyi`
- Add missing return statement to `torch._export. deserialize_graph`
- Fix error message in `torch.ao.ns.fx.weight_utils.get_lstm_mod_weights`
- Add assert it `torch/optim/optimizer.py` that Optional list is not None
TODO (in followup PR):
- Fix erroneous `isinstance` check in `torch/ao/quantization/_pt2e/qat_utils.py`
Unrelated, to bypass CI failures due to the gcc9 dependency update in Ubuntu-18.04:
- Add hack to squash older libstdc++ from conda environment in favor one from OS to `.ci/docker/install_conda.sh`
- Update bazel cuda builds to focal, as with libstdc++-6.0.32 bazel builds loose the ability to catch exceptions (probably because they link with cupti statically, but I could not found where it is done)
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/105227
Approved by: https://github.com/atalman, https://github.com/albanD, https://github.com/Skylion007
This PR re-lands
- [Typing] Fix PEP 484 Violation (#105022)
- Update mypy to 1.4.1 (#91983)
That were reverted due to the conflict with internal source repo.
Mostly fixes for PEP-484 violation (i.e. when default arg is set to None, but type is not annotated as optional)
Plus few real fixes:
- Add missing `_get_upgraders_entry_map` to `torch/_C/__init__.pyi`
- Add missing return statement to `torch._export. deserialize_graph`
- Fix error message in `torch.ao.ns.fx.weight_utils.get_lstm_mod_weights`
- Add assert it `torch/optim/optimizer.py` that Optional list is not None
TODO (in followup PR):
- Fix erroneous `isinstance` check in `torch/ao/quantization/_pt2e/qat_utils.py`
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/105227
Approved by: https://github.com/atalman, https://github.com/albanD, https://github.com/Skylion007
Not sure, how it worked before, but if arguments must be annotated is optional if they are defaulted to None
Towards enabling mypy-1.4.1 in lintrunner
<!--
copilot:poem
-->
### <samp>🤖 Generated by Copilot at 5e1b9f4</samp>
> _We annotate the arguments of doom_
> _To show the `None` values of gloom_
> _We improve the type checking and readability_
> _With `Optional` annotations of metal-ity_
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/105022
Approved by: https://github.com/izaitsevfb, https://github.com/huydhn, https://github.com/Skylion007
Implements native mixed precision support for DDP in a similar fashion to how it is enabled for FSDP. The implementation works as follows:
1. In DDP init, we save `_mp_param` and `_fp_param` variables to manage mixed precision parameter usage. In particular, _mp_param will represent the parameter in the reduced precision, while _fp_param will represent the param in regular precision. During forward/backward, we swap back and forth as needed.
2. The root module gets a root pre-forward hook that kicks off copies to the reduced precision for all submodules. An event is recorded for each submodule to allow for waiting, as we run these asynchronously.
3. Each module gets a pre-forward hook that waits on its corresponding event. note that modules might be reused during training, in this case the wait is only done for the first module. After this wait, the module's parameters are in reduced precision.
4. In the pre-forward hook, we register a backward hook on the lower precision parameters in order to run reduced precision allreduce + parameter upcast. We can't rely on the Reducer's constructor setting up these hooks because the gradient is accumulated on the low precision param, so we need to register them ourselves.
5. In the backward pass, when the hook runs, we first run allreduce + divide in the reduced precision. Next, we upcast parameters and gradients back to fp32 asynchronously. We also queue a callback at the end of backward to wait on these upcasts so that the upcast is complete before optim.step() runs.
6. Parameters that don't require grad are also cast since they may be used in computation, they are upcast back in the final autograd callback.
7. DDP Ignored parameters are not touched.
Follow-ups:
1. Unify comm hooks and make it work with apply optimizer in backward
2. implement keep_low_precision_grads,
3. allow BN, LN, or custom units to run in reduced precision,
4. support for cast_forward_inputs
5. Unify certain APIs / helpers with FSDP where possible, such as for _cast_forward_inputs
6. Integrate this with replicate() API.
7. The order in which we kick off copies and wait for them is set by the iteration order of module.modules(), but this might not be how the modules are used in the actual training. In the worst case, the last module in module.modules() could be used first which would result in waiting for all copies unnecessarily. For static graphs, we should record the module execution order and copy / wait in this order.
8. Entirely unused modules probably don't need to be cast.
Differential Revision: [D42515803](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D42515803/)
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/92882
Approved by: https://github.com/zhaojuanmao
Allow _apply_optim_in_backward to work with DDP.
Example:
```
dist.init_process_group("nccl", rank=rank, world_size=2)
torch.cuda.set_device(rank)
e = enc().cuda(rank)
_apply_optimizer_in_backward(
optimizer_class=torch.optim.SGD,
params=e.parameters(),
optimizer_kwargs={"lr": 0.03},
)
e = DDP(e, device_ids=[rank])
inp = torch.randn(1, 10, device=rank)
e(inp).sum().backward()
```
Constraints:
1. Custom communication hook not yet supported
2. _apply_optim_in_backward needs to be called _before_ wrapping model in DDP.
3. DDP will remove the gradient hooks _apply_optim_in_backward registers, so these gradient hooks will not be fired and cannot be used.
4. All DDP managed parameters have grads set to None by default once optimizer is applied. There is no support for setting only some parameter grads to None, this must be done manually by user (and DDP_OVERLAPPED_OPTIM_SET_GRADS_TO_NONE=0 needs to be set.)
Differential Revision: [D41329694](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D41329694/)
**NOTE FOR REVIEWERS**: This PR has internal Meta-specific changes or comments, please review them on [Phabricator](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D41329694/)!
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/89194
Approved by: https://github.com/zhaojuanmao
This PR reworks the internal handling of parameter and gradient reduction mixed precision, cleans up the post-backward hook logic, and adds some minor changes to the communication hooks.
**Overview**
This PR addresses everything in https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/90657 except renaming `keep_low_precision_grads` to `keep_grads_in_reduce_dtype` since that is BC breaking. I recommend reading the issue before preceding.
For `MixedPrecision(param_dtype, reduce_dtype, ...)`, the exact rule for parameter and gradient reduction mixed precision that we are following is:
> If `param_dtype is not None` and `reduce_dtype is None`, then we infer `reduce_dtype = param_dtype`. Otherwise, we take `param_dtype` and `reduce_dtype` as is.
This PR enforces that, at the `FlatParamHandle` level, `handle._config.fwd_bwd_param_dtype` and `handle._config.reduce_dtype` are never `None`. The way to check if mixed precision is enabled is to compare against the original parameter dtype, which is now stored in `handle._orig_param_dtype`. It is no longer to check against `None`.
This avoids ambiguous cases such as when the user passes `MixedPrecision(param_dtype=torch.float32)`. In that case, our existing implementation mistakenly thinks that parameter mixed precision is enabled and either relies on no-ops silently or errors (such as one case reported by MosaicML).
**Additional Details**
- We remove `FullyShardedDataParallel._mixed_precision_enabled_for_params`, `FullyShardedDataParallel._mixed_precision_enabled_for_reduce`, and `FullyShardedDataParallel._mixed_precision_keep_low_precision_grads` since they are not used.
- The unit test `test_meta_device_with_mixed_precision()` exercises a tricky edge case with meta device initialization, `apply()` (calling into `summon_full_params()`), and `param_dtype=torch.float32` for a nested wrapping case, where each nested instance has parameters.
- We include some minor fixes/improvements to the communication hook implementation.
**Follow-Ups**
- We should get rid of `HandleConfig` and store its fields as attributes on `FlatParamHandle` directly.
- Rename `keep_low_precision_grads` to `keep_grads_in_reduce_dtype`.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/90660
Approved by: https://github.com/zhaojuanmao
This is for consistency with FSDP.
- `_FSDP_WRAPPED_MODULE` and `_CHECKPOINT_WRAPPED_MODULE` are exactly the wrapped module variable name, meaning you can call `getattr(module, _FSDP_WRAPPED_MODULE)` or `getattr(module, _CHECKPOINT_WRAPPED_MODULE)`.
- `_FSDP_PREFIX` and `_CHECKPOINT_PREFIX` include the trailing `"."` and are only used for FQNs.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/87951
Approved by: https://github.com/zhaojuanmao
We change `.module` to pass through `ActivationWrapper` directly to the inner wrapped module. This should fix the state dict issues.
Given the invariant that `.module` always returns the inner wrapped module, FSDP always registers the `FlatParameter` on the inner wrapped module, regardless of if there is an intermediate `ActivationWrapper` or not. This avoids casing on whether `ActivationWrapper` is added before or after FSDP construction.
This PR removes the added unit test in `test_fsdp_misc.py` for changing the wrapped module because I would rather not complicated `_lazy_init()` logic just to support that kind of adversarial behavior. The user should not be swapping out the wrapped module arbitrarily or deleting the `FlatParameter`. I mainly had those tests to make sure that all branches of the code I added was correct.
Differential Revision: [D40799961](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D40799961)
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/87950
Approved by: https://github.com/zhaojuanmao
`_recursive_wrap()` returns `Tuple[nn.Module, int]`, where the `nn.Module` is the in-place modified module and the `int` is the numel wrapped. In that sense, the return value is not meant to be publicly used. The `apply_activation_checkpointing()` docs already suggest that the function returns `None`, so this PR simply follows that.
**Test Plan**
CI
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/87871
Approved by: https://github.com/zhaojuanmao
Passing in `offload_to_cpu=True` to checkpoint_wrapper is a bit confusing, because this causes the activation checkpoint args to be ignored and we do CPU offloading. This isn't ideal from API design perspective, so proposing to make `offload_wrapper` its own concept.
Now, offload to CPU + checkpoint can be composed together, such as
```
# apply AC to transformer layers
apply_ac_wrapper(model, checkpoint_wrapper, check_fn=lambda mod: isinstance(mod, TransformerLayer))
# offload the rest of activations to CPU
model = offload_wrapper(model)
```
Will polish / add tests if this proposal sounds good.
Differential Revision: [D39719854](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D39719854/)
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/85459
Approved by: https://github.com/awgu
This fixes the activation offload for checkpoint wrapper, which was previously broken. It was broken because it was tightly coupled with activation checkpoint, i.e. we did:
```
with save_on_cpu:
checkpoint(module_forward())
```
which would not offload any activation tensors to CPU, as those activations would already be not saved by autograd due to the checkpoint implementation taking priority.
Now, if `offload_to_cpu` is specified, we only do `save_on_cpu` and no checkpoint, so all intermediate tensors are offloaded to CPU instead of checkpointed.
These wrappers can be composed, i.e. if we have
`(Linear, Linear) -> (Linear, Linear) -> (Linear, Linear)`
we can do
`Offload( checkpoint(Linear, Linear) -> checkpoint(Linear, Linear) -> checkpoint(Linear, Linear))`
and inner tensors would be checkpointed while outers will be offloaded.
Differential Revision: [D39448882](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D39448882/)
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/84907
Approved by: https://github.com/awgu
Those functions enable membership introspection into a ProcessGroup. A common scenario
that needs this is library code that consumes a PG but doesn't create it, which means
it likely doesn't know the global ranks used to create it.
Translating from local to global is necessary when using c10d collectives like broadcast
so if your library code adopts the convention of using local rank 0, it needs
to the following:
```python
import torch.distributed as dist
my_pg: dist.ProcessGroup = ...
def my_library_bcast(tensor)
dist.broadcast(tensor, src=dist.get_global_rank(my_pg, local_rank=0), my_pg)
```
This implements some of the helpers needed to implement the `clone` API from: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/81291
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/82134
Approved by: https://github.com/rohan-varma
