[PyTorch] Remove reference_cast in make_boxed_from_unboxed_functor (#51319)

Summary:
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/51319

We were going out of our way to accommodate `IValue::to<Tensor>` returning a copy of the inner Tensor. `IValue::toTensor` is capable of returning a reference without copying, so if we use it directly, we can allow kernels that want to take `Tensor &` to do so!
As a bonus, we get reduced build times.
ghstack-source-id: 121378961

Test Plan:
Rely on CI for correctness.
Profiled build time with -ftime-trace for RegisterCPU.cpp using an extracted build invocation.

Before: P168244900

After: P168245014

Note reduced time spent compiling make_boxed_from_unboxed_functor.

I also ran the AdIndexer benchmark (https://fb.quip.com/ztERAYjuzdlr) with static runtime disabled and batch size 1 to see how big the effect on boxed call performance was (any kernels that take `Tensor&` or `const Tensor&` should now actually save a refcount bump). Looks like it was roughly 1% better:

Before: 124-125 usec/iter
After: 122-123 usec/iter

Reviewed By: bhosmer

Differential Revision: D26138549

fbshipit-source-id: b0f830527da360c542c815bef2f7e1692615b32a

aten/src/ATen/core/boxing/impl/make_boxed_from_unboxed_functor.h

@@ -249,20 +249,59 @@ namespace impl {
 
   // ivalue_to_arg
 
+  template<class T>
+  struct decay_if_not_tensor final {
+    using type = std::decay_t<T>;
+  };
+
+  template<>
+  struct decay_if_not_tensor<at::Tensor&> final {
+    using type = at::Tensor&;
+  };
+
+  template<>
+  struct decay_if_not_tensor<const at::Tensor&> final {
+    using type = const at::Tensor&;
+  };
+
   template<class T, bool AllowDeprecatedTypes>
   struct ivalue_to_arg final {
-    static T call(IValue&& v) {
+    static decltype(auto) call(IValue& v) {
       assert_is_valid_input_type<T, AllowDeprecatedTypes>();
       return std::move(v).to<T>();
     }
   };
 
+  // The following two specializations take advantage of specialized
+  // `toTensor()` overloads on IValue to avoid copying.
+  template<bool AllowDeprecatedTypes>
+  struct ivalue_to_arg<at::Tensor&, AllowDeprecatedTypes> final {
+    // We cannot use the default implementation if they asked for a
+    // `at::Tensor&` because it moves from the IValue, so it can't get
+    // an lvalue reference.
+    static at::Tensor& call(IValue& v) {
+      // Tensor& is valid, don't bother asserting
+      return v.toTensor();
+    }
+  };
+
+  template<bool AllowDeprecatedTypes>
+  struct ivalue_to_arg<const at::Tensor&, AllowDeprecatedTypes> final {
+    // We should not use the default implementation if they asked for
+    // a `const at::Tensor&` because it moves from the IValue and they
+    // didn't ask for that.
+    static const at::Tensor& call(IValue& v) {
+      // const Tensor& is valid, don't bother asserting
+      return v.toTensor();
+    }
+  };
+
   template<class T, bool AllowDeprecatedTypes>
   struct ivalue_to_arg<ArrayRef<T>, AllowDeprecatedTypes> final {
     // If an argument is ArrayRef<T>, convert the IValue to a std::vector<T> and pass that
     // to the operator. std::vector<T> is implicitly convertible to ArrayRef<T>.
-    static std::vector<T> call(IValue&& v) {
-      return ivalue_to_arg<std::vector<T>, AllowDeprecatedTypes>::call(std::move(v));
+    static std::vector<T> call(IValue& v) {
+      return ivalue_to_arg<std::vector<T>, AllowDeprecatedTypes>::call(v);
     }
   };
   template<class T, bool AllowDeprecatedTypes>
@@ -270,8 +309,8 @@ namespace impl {
     // If an argument is optional<ArrayRef<T>>, convert the IValue to an optional<std::vector<T>> and pass that
     // to the operator. OptionalArray<T> is basically a optional<std::vector<T>> but impliticly convertible
     // to optional<ArrayRef<T>>.
-    static OptionalArray<T> call(IValue&& v) {
-      return ivalue_to_arg<OptionalArray<T>, AllowDeprecatedTypes>::call(std::move(v));
+    static OptionalArray<T> call(IValue& v) {
+      return ivalue_to_arg<OptionalArray<T>, AllowDeprecatedTypes>::call(v);
     }
   };
 
@@ -296,19 +335,6 @@ namespace impl {
     }
   };
 
-  // reference_cast allows casting references, e.g. T&& to T&:
-  //    T make_t() {}
-  //    T& v = reference_cast<T&>(make_t()); // make_t() returns a T&& which is cast to T&.
-  // If the target is a non-reference value, then it gets moved:
-  //    T make_t() {}
-  //    T v = reference_cast<T>(make_t()); // no copies involved
-  // The first example actually also shows why reference_cast is usually a very bad idea. v now is a lvalue
-  // reference to a dead temporary. Use with caution!
-  template<class T, class U>
-  T reference_cast(U&& t) {
-      return std::forward<T>(t);
-  }
-
   // wrap_kernel_functor_unboxed_
 
   template<class KernelFunctor, class OpSignature>
@@ -363,21 +389,14 @@ namespace impl {
   call_functor_with_args_from_stack_(OperatorKernel* functor, DispatchKeySet dispatchKeySet, Stack* stack, std::index_sequence<ivalue_arg_indices...>, guts::typelist::typelist<ArgTypes...>*) {
     (void)(stack); // when sizeof...(ivalue_arg_indices) == 0, this argument would be unused and we have to silence the compiler warning.
 
-    /*
-     * For ops that take "Tensor&" as an argument, ivalue_to_arg would still return a "Tensor" by value
-     * and C++ doesn't allow us to call (*functor) with a temporary "Tensor" when it expects "Tensor&".
-     * We use reference_cast to explicitly cast our temporary to a "Tensor&" and make it pass the compiler.
-     * Even though usually dangerous, this is ok here because temporaries live until the end of the statement.
-     * TODO We should remove reference_cast once kernels don't take "Tensor&" arguments anymore
-     */
     // We're explicitly filtering out DispatchKeySet from the argument list.
     // Some kernels take a DispatchKeySet as their first argument in order to plumb keys through the dispatcher.
     // We don't want to expose the DispatchKeySet type to jit, so we don't include this argument on the stack.
     // See Note [Plumbing Keys Through The Dispatcher] for the background.
-    return wrap_kernel_functor_unboxed<Functor>::call(functor, dispatchKeySet, reference_cast<ArgTypes>(
-      ivalue_to_arg<std::decay_t<ArgTypes>, AllowDeprecatedTypes>::call(
-        std::move(torch::jit::peek(*stack, ivalue_arg_indices, sizeof...(ivalue_arg_indices)))
-    ))...);
+    return wrap_kernel_functor_unboxed<Functor>::call(functor, dispatchKeySet,
+      ivalue_to_arg<typename decay_if_not_tensor<ArgTypes>::type, AllowDeprecatedTypes>::call(
+        torch::jit::peek(*stack, ivalue_arg_indices, sizeof...(ivalue_arg_indices))
+    )...);
   }
 
   template<class Functor, bool AllowDeprecatedTypes>

aten/src/ATen/core/op_registration/op_registration_test.cpp

@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ TEST(OperatorRegistrationTest, givenLambdaKernel_whenRegisteringWithMismatchingC
   expectThrows<c10::Error>([] {
     auto registrar = c10::RegisterOperators().op("_test::dummy", c10::RegisterOperators::options()
       .kernel(DispatchKey::CPU, [] (const int64_t&) {})
-      .kernel(DispatchKey::CUDA, [] (int64_t&) {}));
+      .kernel(DispatchKey::CUDA, [] (int64_t) {}));
   }, "Mismatch in kernel C++ signatures");
 }
 

torch/custom_class_detail.h

@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ call_torchbind_method_from_stack(
       typename c10::guts::infer_function_traits_t<Functor>::parameter_types;
   // TODO We shouldn't use c10::impl stuff directly here. We should use the KernelFunction API instead.
   return (functor)(c10::impl::ivalue_to_arg<
-                   std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<
+                   typename c10::impl::decay_if_not_tensor<
                        c10::guts::typelist::
-                           element_t<ivalue_arg_indices, IValueArgTypes>>>,
-                   AllowDeprecatedTypes>::call(std::move(
-      torch::jit::peek(stack, ivalue_arg_indices, num_ivalue_args)))...);
+                           element_t<ivalue_arg_indices, IValueArgTypes>>::type,
+                   AllowDeprecatedTypes>::call(
+      torch::jit::peek(stack, ivalue_arg_indices, num_ivalue_args))...);
 }
 
 template <class Functor, bool AllowDeprecatedTypes>