Fix undefined behavior detected by clang-12 (#106354)

Compiler behavior when non-zero offset is added to a null pointer is undefined and is a bad habit.

- When `lapackEig` is called with to estimate a workspace size, do not add matrix size to the W pointer.
- When `unpack_pivots_cpu_kernel` with zero `dim_size` exit early.
- When `topk_impl_loop` is called with  `k` is zero, exit right away as output tensors are empty anyway.
- Ignore adding non-zero storage-offset in `TensorImpl::data_ptr_impl_impl`, which can be the case if tensor is created as `torch.empty(3)[4:]`.
- In `s_addmm_out_sparse_dense_worker` do not call `axpy` over an empty vector.
- In `_sparse_binary_op_intersection_kernel_impl` do skip computing `ptr_indices_dim` when `sparse_dim` is empty.
- Exit `grid_sample` forward/backward kernels earlier if either `input` or `grid` are empty tensors.

Found by asan in clang-12

Before the change UBSan report looks as follows:
```
 ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH=/usr/lib/llvm-12/bin/llvm-symbolizer UBSAN_OPTIONS=print_stacktrace=1 LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/llvm-12/lib/clang/12.0.1/lib/linux/libclang_rt.asan-x86_64.so python test_fx_experimental.py -v -k test_normalize_operator_exhaustive_linalg_eig_cpu_float32
Test results will be stored in test-reports/python-unittest/test_fx_experimental

Running tests...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  test_normalize_operator_exhaustive_linalg_eig_cpu_float32 (__main__.TestNormalizeOperatorsCPU) ... /opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/overrides.py:111: UserWarning: 'has_cuda' is deprecated, please use 'torch.backends.cuda.is_built()'
  torch.has_cuda,
/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/overrides.py:112: UserWarning: 'has_cudnn' is deprecated, please use 'torch.backends.cudnn.is_available()'
  torch.has_cudnn,
/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/overrides.py:118: UserWarning: 'has_mps' is deprecated, please use 'torch.backends.mps.is_built()'
  torch.has_mps,
/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/overrides.py:119: UserWarning: 'has_mkldnn' is deprecated, please use 'torch.backends.mkldnn.is_available()'
  torch.has_mkldnn,
/var/lib/jenkins/workspace/aten/src/ATen/native/BatchLinearAlgebra.cpp:937:17: runtime error: applying non-zero offset 20 to null pointer
    #0 0x7f2025794888 in void at::native::lapackEig<float, float>(char, char, int, float*, int, float*, float*, int, float*, int, float*, int, float*, int*) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0x9945888)
    #1 0x7f20257da256 in void at::native::(anonymous namespace)::apply_linalg_eig<float>(at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&, bool) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0x998b256)
    #2 0x7f20257d902d in at::native::(anonymous namespace)::linalg_eig_kernel(at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor const&, bool) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0x998a02d)
    #3 0x7f20257b5b3d in at::native::linalg_eig_out_info(at::Tensor const&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&, bool) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0x9966b3d)
    #4 0x7f20257b4770 in at::native::linalg_eig_out(at::Tensor const&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0x9965770)
    #5 0x7f20280710e6 in c10::impl::wrap_kernel_functor_unboxed_<c10::impl::detail::WrapFunctionIntoFunctor_<c10::CompileTimeFunctionPointer<std::tuple<at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&> (at::Tensor const&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&), &(at::(anonymous namespace)::(anonymous namespace)::wrapper_CPU_out_linalg_eig_out(at::Tensor const&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&))>, std::tuple<at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&>, c10::guts::typelist::typelist<at::Tensor const&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&> >, std::tuple<at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&> (at::Tensor const&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&)>::call(c10::OperatorKernel*, c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0xc2220e6)
    #6 0x7f202727a045 in at::_ops::linalg_eig_out::call(at::Tensor const&, at::Tensor&, at::Tensor&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0xb42b045)
    #7 0x7f20257b7e29 in at::native::linalg_eig(at::Tensor const&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0x9968e29)
    #8 0x7f2028070bf0 in c10::impl::wrap_kernel_functor_unboxed_<c10::impl::detail::WrapFunctionIntoFunctor_<c10::CompileTimeFunctionPointer<std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor> (at::Tensor const&), &(at::(anonymous namespace)::(anonymous namespace)::wrapper_CPU__linalg_eig(at::Tensor const&))>, std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor>, c10::guts::typelist::typelist<at::Tensor const&> >, std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor> (at::Tensor const&)>::call(c10::OperatorKernel*, c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0xc221bf0)
    #9 0x7f2026b1f787 in std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor> c10::Dispatcher::redispatch<std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor>, at::Tensor const&>(c10::TypedOperatorHandle<std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor> (at::Tensor const&)> const&, c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&) const (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0xacd0787)
    #10 0x7f20273230a7 in at::_ops::linalg_eig::redispatch(c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0xb4d40a7)
    #11 0x7f202c3cc32d in torch::autograd::VariableType::(anonymous namespace)::linalg_eig(c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0x1057d32d)
    #12 0x7f202c3cba96 in c10::impl::wrap_kernel_functor_unboxed_<c10::impl::detail::WrapFunctionIntoFunctor_<c10::CompileTimeFunctionPointer<std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor> (c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&), &(torch::autograd::VariableType::(anonymous namespace)::linalg_eig(c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&))>, std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor>, c10::guts::typelist::typelist<c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&> >, std::tuple<at::Tensor, at::Tensor> (c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&)>::call(c10::OperatorKernel*, c10::DispatchKeySet, at::Tensor const&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0x1057ca96)
    #13 0x7f20272798e0 in at::_ops::linalg_eig::call(at::Tensor const&) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_cpu.so+0xb42a8e0)
    #14 0x7f2043d97ae3 in torch::autograd::THPVariable_linalg_eig(_object*, _object*, _object*) (/opt/conda/envs/py_3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/lib/libtorch_python.so+0x23feae3)
    #15 0x5072d6 in cfunction_call /usr/local/src/conda/python-3.9.17/Objects/methodobject.c:543:19
    ...

SUMMARY: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer: undefined-behavior /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/aten/src/ATen/native/BatchLinearAlgebra.cpp:937:17 in
```

Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/106354
Approved by: https://github.com/huydhn, https://github.com/lezcano

aten/src/ATen/native/BatchLinearAlgebra.cpp

@@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ template<> void lapackEig<double>(char jobvl, char jobvr, int n, double *a, int
   // lapack [sd]geev wants to separate output arrays: wr and wi for the real
   // and imaginary parts
   double *wr = w;
-  double *wi = w + n;
+  double *wi = w ? w + n : nullptr;
   (void)rwork; // unused
   dgeev_(&jobvl, &jobvr, &n, a, &lda, wr, wi, vl, &ldvl, vr, &ldvr, work, &lwork, info);
 }
@@ -934,7 +934,7 @@ template<> void lapackEig<float>(char jobvl, char jobvr, int n, float *a, int ld
   // lapack [sd]geev wants to separate output arrays: wr and wi for the real
   // and imaginary parts
   float *wr = w;
-  float *wi = w + n;
+  float *wi = w ? w  + n : nullptr;
   (void)rwork; // unused
   sgeev_(&jobvl, &jobvr, &n, a, &lda, wr, wi, vl, &ldvl, vr, &ldvr, work, &lwork, info);
 }

aten/src/ATen/native/BatchLinearAlgebraKernel.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #include <ATen/ops/empty.h>
 #include <ATen/ops/empty_strided.h>
 #endif
-namespace at { namespace native {
+namespace at::native {
 
 namespace {
 /*
@@ -1102,15 +1102,14 @@ void svd_kernel(const Tensor& A,
 }
 
 void unpack_pivots_cpu_kernel(TensorIterator& iter, const int64_t dim_size, const int64_t max_pivot) {
-  if (iter.numel() == 0) {
+  if (iter.numel() == 0 || dim_size == 0) {
     return;
   }
   auto loop = [&](char* const* const  data, const int64_t* const strides, const int64_t nelems) {
     auto* perm_ptr = data[0];
     const auto* pivots_ptr = data[1];
 
-    for (const auto elem : c10::irange(nelems)) {
-      (void)elem; //Suppress unused variable warning
+    for (C10_UNUSED const auto elem : c10::irange(nelems)) {
       // WARNING: linalg.lu_factor returns int32 pivots,
       // this behavior could change in the future.
       const auto perm_data = reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(perm_ptr);
@@ -1224,4 +1223,4 @@ REGISTER_AVX512_DISPATCH(unpack_pivots_stub, &unpack_pivots_cpu_kernel);
 REGISTER_AVX2_DISPATCH(unpack_pivots_stub, &unpack_pivots_cpu_kernel);
 REGISTER_VSX_DISPATCH(unpack_pivots_stub, &unpack_pivots_cpu_kernel);
 REGISTER_ZVECTOR_DISPATCH(unpack_pivots_stub, &unpack_pivots_cpu_kernel);
-}} // namespace at::native
+} // namespace at::native

aten/src/ATen/native/GridSampler.cpp

@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ namespace {
     int64_t out_H = grid.size(2);
     int64_t out_W = grid.size(3);
     auto output = at::empty({N, C, out_D, out_H, out_W}, input.options());
+    if (output.numel() == 0) {
+        return output;
+    }
     int64_t inp_sN = input.stride(0);
     int64_t inp_sC = input.stride(1);
     int64_t inp_sD = input.stride(2);
@@ -219,6 +222,10 @@ namespace {
       }
     })();
     auto grad_grid = at::empty_like(grid, LEGACY_CONTIGUOUS_MEMORY_FORMAT);
+    if (grid.numel() == 0 || input.numel() == 0) {
+      grad_grid.zero_();
+      return std::make_tuple(grad_input, grad_grid);
+    }
     // If interpolation mode is Nearest, then grad_grid is not filled in the
     // loop below.
     if (interpolation_mode == GridSamplerInterpolation::Nearest) {
@@ -567,6 +574,9 @@ Tensor _grid_sampler_2d_cpu_fallback(const Tensor& input, const Tensor& grid,
   int64_t out_H = grid.size(1);
   int64_t out_W = grid.size(2);
   auto output = at::empty({N, C, out_H, out_W}, input.options());
+  if (output.numel() == 0) {
+      return output;
+  }
   int64_t inp_sN = input.stride(0);
   int64_t inp_sC = input.stride(1);
   int64_t inp_sH = input.stride(2);
@@ -715,6 +725,10 @@ _grid_sampler_2d_cpu_fallback_backward(const Tensor& grad_output,
 
   auto grad_input = at::zeros_like(input, LEGACY_CONTIGUOUS_MEMORY_FORMAT);
   auto grad_grid = at::empty_like(grid, LEGACY_CONTIGUOUS_MEMORY_FORMAT);
+  if (grid.numel() == 0 || input.numel() == 0) {
+    grad_grid.zero_();
+    return std::make_tuple(grad_input, grad_grid);
+  }
   // If interpolation mode is Nearest, then grad_grid is not filled in the
   // loop below.
   if (interpolation_mode == GridSamplerInterpolation::Nearest) {

aten/src/ATen/native/TensorAdvancedIndexing.cpp

@@ -857,7 +857,9 @@ TORCH_IMPL_FUNC(index_copy_out)
 // Not calling into index_reduce_func_impl because of a different dtype dispatch
 TORCH_IMPL_FUNC(index_add_cpu_out)
 (const Tensor& self, int64_t dim, const Tensor& index, const Tensor& source, const Scalar& alpha, const Tensor& result) {
-  if (!result.is_same(self)) result.copy_(self);
+  if (!result.is_same(self)) {
+     result.copy_(self);
+  }
   auto numel = index.numel();
 
   auto index_contig = index.contiguous();
@@ -870,7 +872,7 @@ TORCH_IMPL_FUNC(index_add_cpu_out)
     //     selfSlice.add_(sourceSlice);
     //   }
     // But much faster as this reuses the iterator from add_
-    if (numel == 0) {
+    if (numel == 0 || self.numel() == 0) {
       return;
     }
 
@@ -945,8 +947,7 @@ TORCH_IMPL_FUNC(index_add_cpu_out)
           add_stub(iter.device_type(), iter, alpha);
       }
     });
-  }
-  else {
+  } else {
     TORCH_CHECK(source.dim() <= 1, "source.dim() (", source.dim(), ") must one or zero for given self.dim() (", self.dim(), ")");
 
     // explicitly capture all required variables to work around windows build

aten/src/ATen/native/TopKImpl.h

@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@ void topk_impl_loop(
     const bool sorted,
     char** data, const int64_t* strides, const int64_t n) {
 
+  // If k is zero, then output values and indices are empty tensors
+  // So iterating over other dims is pointless
+  if (k == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
   using elem_t = std::pair<accscalar_t, int64_t>;
   std::vector<elem_t> queue(dim_size);
   for (const auto i : c10::irange(n)) {

aten/src/ATen/native/cpu/GridSamplerKernel.cpp

@@ -1157,6 +1157,9 @@ void grid_sampler_2d_cpu_kernel_impl(
   auto spatial_size = H * W;
   auto grain_size = spatial_size == 0 ? (N + 1)
                                       : at::divup(at::internal::GRAIN_SIZE, spatial_size * 4 /* 2d * 2 tensors*/);
+  if (output.numel() == 0) {
+         return;
+  }
 
 #define HANDLE_CASE(interp, padding, align_corners)                            \
   case padding: {                                                              \
@@ -1220,6 +1223,10 @@ void grid_sampler_2d_backward_cpu_kernel_impl(
     int64_t padding_mode,
     bool align_corners,
     std::array<bool,2> output_mask) {
+  if (grad_output_.numel() == 0) {
+    grad_grid.zero_();
+    return;
+  }
   // grad_output should be contiguous most of time. Ensuring that it is
   // contiguous can greatly simplify this code.
   auto grad_output = grad_output_.contiguous();

aten/src/ATen/native/cpu/SparseFactories.cpp

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ void _spdiags_kernel_cpu(
     TensorBase& values,
     TensorBase& indices) {
   auto* row_index_write_ptr = indices.data_ptr<int64_t>();
-  auto* col_index_write_ptr = row_index_write_ptr + indices.stride(0);
+  auto* col_index_write_ptr = row_index_write_ptr ? row_index_write_ptr + indices.stride(0) : nullptr;
   const int64_t diagonals_index_stride = diagonals.stride(0);
   const int64_t diagonals_read_stride = diagonals.stride(1);
   AT_DISPATCH_ALL_TYPES_AND_COMPLEX_AND4(

aten/src/ATen/native/cpu/group_norm_kernel.cpp

@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ void GroupNormInputBackward(
       const int64_t g = i % G;
       const T_ACC* ds_ptr = ds + i * D;
       const T_ACC* db_ptr = db + i * D;
-      const PT* gamma_ptr = gamma + g * D;
+      const PT* gamma_ptr = !gamma_null ? gamma + g * D : nullptr;
       CalcDsDb(ds_ptr, db_ptr, gamma_null, gamma_ptr, d, K, ds_arr.data(), db_arr.data());
       T_ACC ds_val = std::accumulate(ds_arr.cbegin(), ds_arr.cend(), T_ACC(0));
       T_ACC db_val = std::accumulate(db_arr.cbegin(), db_arr.cend(), T_ACC(0));

aten/src/ATen/native/sparse/SparseBinaryOpIntersectionCommon.h

@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ void _sparse_binary_op_intersection_kernel_impl(
       KernelLauncher::launch(iter,
           // NOTE: capture by value required by CUDA
           [=] FUNCAPI (index_t nnz_idx) -> int64_t {
-          const auto* RESTRICT ptr_indices_dim = ptr_indices + nnz_idx * indices_nnz_stride;
+          const auto* RESTRICT ptr_indices_dim = ptr_indices ? ptr_indices + nnz_idx * indices_nnz_stride : nullptr;
           int64_t hash = 0;
           for (int64_t dim = 0; dim < sparse_dim; ++dim) {
             const auto dim_hash_coeff = hash_coeffs[dim];
@@ -299,8 +299,7 @@ void _sparse_binary_op_intersection_kernel_impl(
       // NOTE: argsort.dtype == nnz_arange.dtype
       const auto argsort = nnz_arange.narrow(-1, 0, probably_coalesced._nnz());
       return std::make_tuple(probably_coalesced_indices_hash, argsort);
-    }
-    else {
+    } else {
       // NOTE: we want argsort.dtype == nnz_arange.dtype,
       // but sort() produces indices of type int64_t,
       // so we convert to nnz_arange.dtype to avoid issues
@@ -360,12 +359,12 @@ void _sparse_binary_op_intersection_kernel_impl(
       KernelLauncher::launch(iter,
           // NOTE: capture by value required by CUDA
           [=] FUNCAPI (index_t nnz_idx) -> index_t {
-          // Compute hash value
-          const auto* RESTRICT ptr_indices_dim = ptr_indices + nnz_idx * indices_nnz_stride;
           int64_t hash = 0;
           if (hash_ptr) {
             hash = hash_ptr[nnz_idx];
-          } else {
+          } else if (sparse_dim) {
+            // Compute hash value
+            const auto* RESTRICT ptr_indices_dim = ptr_indices + nnz_idx * indices_nnz_stride;
             for (int64_t dim = 0; dim < sparse_dim; ++dim) {
               const auto dim_hash_coeff = hash_coeffs[dim];
               const auto dim_index = ptr_indices_dim[dim * indices_dim_stride];

aten/src/ATen/native/sparse/SparseTensorMath.cpp

@@ -1222,6 +1222,10 @@ void s_addmm_out_sparse_dense_worker(int64_t nnz, int64_t dim_i, int64_t dim_j,
     int64_t row = indices_accessor[0][i];
     int64_t col = indices_accessor[1][i];
     if (col >= 0 && col < dim_j && row >= 0 && row < dim_i) {
+      // AXPY call is no-op over an empty vector
+      if (dim_k == 0) {
+        continue;
+      }
       at::native::cpublas::axpy<scalar_t>(dim_k,
             cast_alpha * val,
             dense_ptr + col * dense_stride0, dense_stride1,

c10/core/TensorImpl.h

@@ -1550,7 +1550,8 @@ struct C10_API TensorImpl : public c10::intrusive_ptr_target {
   // Shared implementation of mutable_data_ptr_impl() and the future
   // mutable_data_ptr_impl().
   template <typename T, typename Func>
-  T* data_ptr_impl_impl(const Func& get_data) const {
+  __ubsan_ignore_pointer_overflow__ T* data_ptr_impl_impl(
+      const Func& get_data) const {
     if (C10_UNLIKELY(!has_storage())) {
       throw_data_ptr_access_error();
     }
@@ -1560,6 +1561,9 @@ struct C10_API TensorImpl : public c10::intrusive_ptr_target {
         "Caffe2 uses a lazy allocation, so you will need to call "
         "mutable_data() or raw_mutable_data() to actually allocate memory.");
     // Caller does the type check.
+    // Note: storage_offset_ can be non-null even for zero-elements tensors
+    // (for example if created as `torch.empty(5)[10:]`) that triggers
+    // applying non-zero offset to null pointer in UBSan
     return get_data() + storage_offset_;
   }
 

c10/macros/Macros.h

@@ -30,11 +30,14 @@
 #define __ubsan_ignore_undefined__ __attribute__((no_sanitize("undefined")))
 #define __ubsan_ignore_signed_int_overflow__ \
   __attribute__((no_sanitize("signed-integer-overflow")))
+#define __ubsan_ignore_pointer_overflow__ \
+  __attribute__((no_sanitize("pointer-overflow")))
 #define __ubsan_ignore_function__ __attribute__((no_sanitize("function")))
 #else
 #define __ubsan_ignore_float_divide_by_zero__
 #define __ubsan_ignore_undefined__
 #define __ubsan_ignore_signed_int_overflow__
+#define __ubsan_ignore_pointer_overflow__
 #define __ubsan_ignore_function__
 #endif