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Merge pull request #363 from DennisTT/apt_edit

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Update some information for apt
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Mike Fiedler 2021-04-04 17:29:02 -04:00 committed by GitHub
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package_management_101.rst
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@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ same functionality:
RPM and yum (RedHat, CentOS, Fedora, Scientific Linux)
======================================================
In the following examples, we will be using the package ``dstat``. The
process however applies to any software you may want to install.
In the following examples, we will be using ``dstat`` as the package we will be
manipulating. The process however applies to any software you may want to install.
Yum provides a wrapper around RPM, which can be used to search for, and install
packages from multiple package repositories. It also resolves dependencies, so
@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ by running:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ yum search dstat
user@opsschool ~$ yum search dstat
======================== N/S Matched: dstat =========================
dstat.noarch : Versatile resource statistics tool
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ You can install a package using yum, by running:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ yum install dstat
root@opsschool ~# yum install dstat
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ with the ``rpm`` command:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ rpm -i dstat-0.7.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
root@opsschool ~# rpm -i dstat-0.7.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
Upgrading packages
------------------
@ -84,19 +84,19 @@ to install it again:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ yum install dstat
root@opsschool ~# yum install dstat
To upgrade all packages that have newer versions available, run:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ yum upgrade
root@opsschool ~# yum upgrade
To upgrade a package with an RPM file, run:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ rpm -Uvh dstat-0.7.1-1.el6.noarch.rpm
root@opsschool ~# rpm -Uvh dstat-0.7.1-1.el6.noarch.rpm
Uninstalling packages
---------------------
@ -105,13 +105,13 @@ To uninstall a package using yum, run:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ yum remove dstat
root@opsschool ~# yum remove dstat
Similarly, you can uninstall a package with rpm:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ rpm -e dstat
root@opsschool ~# rpm -e dstat
Cleaning the RPM database
-------------------------
@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ sources on next install or upgrade operation.
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ yum clean all
root@opsschool ~# yum clean all
Querying the RPM database
-------------------------
@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ packages if they are installed:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ rpm -qa dstat
user@opsschool ~$ rpm -qa dstat
dstat-0.7.0-1.el6.noarch
Now let's say we want to list all of the files installed by a package. The
@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Now let's say we want to list all of the files installed by a package. The
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ rpm -ql dstat
user@opsschool ~$ rpm -ql dstat
/usr/bin/dstat
/usr/share/doc/dstat-0.7.0
/usr/share/doc/dstat-0.7.0/AUTHORS
@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ want to known which package it belongs to:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ rpm -qf /usr/bin/dstat
user@opsschool ~$ rpm -qf /usr/bin/dstat
dstat-0.7.0-1.el6.noarch
Creating packages
@ -170,20 +170,28 @@ There are two todos here.
dpkg and APT (Debian, Ubuntu)
=============================
In the following examples, we will be using the package ``dstat`` in our examples. The
process however applies to any software you may want to install.
In the following examples, we will be using ``dstat`` as the package we will be
manipulating. The process however applies to any software you may want to install.
apt provides a wrapper around dpkg, which can be used to search for, and install
packages from multiple package repositories.
APT provides a wrapper around ``dpkg``, which can be used to search for,
and install packages from multiple package repositories.
If your Linux distribution uses dpkg and apt, you can search for packages
If your Linux distribution uses ``dpkg`` and APT, you can search for packages
by running:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ apt-cache search dstat
user@opsschool ~$ apt-cache search dstat
dstat - versatile resource statistics tool
.. note::
In the following sections, we will be describing use of APT through the
traditional commands of ``apt-get`` and ``apt-cache``. However, modern systems
may ship with an additional command ``apt`` which (generally) combines the
functionality of both of the above commands. If your system supports ``apt``
by itself, it is recommended to use that, as it is a bit more user friendly.
Installing packages
-------------------
@ -191,7 +199,7 @@ You can install a package through apt, by running:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# apt-get install dstat
root@opsschool ~# apt-get install dstat
The following NEW packages will be installed:
dstat
@ -209,7 +217,7 @@ with the ``dpkg`` command:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# dpkg -i dstat_0.7.2-3_all.deb
root@opsschool ~# dpkg -i dstat_0.7.2-3_all.deb
Upgrading packages
------------------
@ -218,18 +226,31 @@ dpkg and APT both make it easy to upgrade existing packages, too.
Over time, new packages may be added to the apt repositories that are configured
on your system, or you may have a newer deb for an already installed package.
To upgrade using apt, when a newer package is available, simply ask apt to
install it again:
In order to retrieve the updated package lists, first run:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# apt-get install dstat
root@opsschool ~# apt-get update
To upgrade a single package using apt, when a newer package is available, simply
ask apt to install it again:
.. code-block:: console
root@opsschool ~# apt-get install dstat
To upgrade all packages at once, run:
.. code-block:: console
root@opsschool ~# apt-get upgrade
To upgrade a package with an deb file, run:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# dpkg -i dstat_0.7.2-3_all.deb
root@opsschool ~# dpkg -i dstat_0.7.2-3_all.deb
Uninstalling packages
---------------------
@ -238,13 +259,13 @@ To uninstall a package using apt, run:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# apt-get remove dstat
root@opsschool ~# apt-get remove dstat
Similarly, you can uninstall a package with dpkg:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# dpkg -r dstat
root@opsschool ~# dpkg -r dstat
With APT and dpkg, removing a package still leaves behind any configuration
files, in case you wish to reinstall the package again later. To fully delete
@ -252,19 +273,19 @@ packages and their configuration files, you need to ``purge``:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# apt-get purge dstat
root@opsschool ~# apt-get purge dstat
or:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# apt-get --purge remove dstat
root@opsschool ~# apt-get --purge remove dstat
or:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0# dpkg -P dstat
root@opsschool ~# dpkg -P dstat
Querying the dpkg database
@ -280,7 +301,7 @@ packages if they are installed:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ dpkg-query -l dstat
user@opsschool ~$ dpkg-query -l dstat
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
@ -293,7 +314,7 @@ Now let's say we want to list all of the files installed by a package. The
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ dpkg-query -L dstat
user@opsschool ~$ dpkg-query -L dstat
/.
/usr
/usr/bin
@ -306,6 +327,6 @@ want to know to which package it belongs:
.. code-block:: console
bash-4.0$ dpkg-query -S /usr/bin/dstat
user@opsschool ~$ dpkg-query -S /usr/bin/dstat
dstat: /usr/bin/dstat