async_hooks: enable AsyncLocalStorage once constructed

This fixes the leak behavior when using `enterWith` when no
`AsyncLocalStorage`s were enabled inside a promise.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/58029
Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/53037
Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/58019
Reviewed-By: Gerhard Stöbich <deb2001-github@yahoo.de>
Reviewed-By: Matteo Collina <matteo.collina@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

lib/internal/async_local_storage/async_hooks.js

@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ class AsyncLocalStorage {
     if (options.name !== undefined) {
       this.#name = `${options.name}`;
     }
+
+    this._enable();
   }
 
   /** @type {string} */

test/parallel/test-async-local-storage-enter-with.js

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+'use strict';
+const common = require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { AsyncLocalStorage } = require('async_hooks');
+
+// Verify that `enterWith()` does not leak the store to the parent context in a promise.
+
+const als = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+
+async function asyncFunctionAfterAwait() {
+  await 0;
+  als.enterWith('after await');
+}
+
+function promiseThen() {
+  return Promise.resolve()
+    .then(() => {
+      als.enterWith('inside then');
+    });
+}
+
+async function asyncFunctionBeforeAwait() {
+  als.enterWith('before await');
+  await 0;
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  await asyncFunctionAfterAwait();
+  await promiseThen();
+  assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), undefined);
+
+  // This is a known limitation of the `enterWith` API.
+  await asyncFunctionBeforeAwait();
+  assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'before await');
+}
+
+main().then(common.mustCall());