diff --git a/benchmark/esm/import-esm-reload.js b/benchmark/esm/import-esm-reload.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40143930b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/esm/import-esm-reload.js
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const common = require('../common');
+const fs = require('fs');
+const tmpdir = require('../../test/common/tmpdir');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { pathToFileURL } = require('url');
+const bench = common.createBenchmark(main, {
+  count: [1, 100],
+  n: [1000],
+});
+
+function prepare(count) {
+  tmpdir.refresh();
+  const dir = tmpdir.resolve('modules');
+  fs.mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
+  let modSource = '';
+  for (let i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+    modSource += `export const value${i} = 1;\n`;
+  }
+  const script = tmpdir.resolve('mod.js');
+  fs.writeFileSync(script, modSource, 'utf8');
+  return script;
+}
+
+async function main({ n, count }) {
+  const script = prepare(count);
+  const url = pathToFileURL(script).href;
+  let result = 0;
+  bench.start();
+  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    const mod = await import(`${url}?t=${i}`);
+    result += mod[`value${count - 1}`];
+  }
+  bench.end(n);
+  assert.strictEqual(result, n);
+}
diff --git a/benchmark/vm/source-text-module-chained.js b/benchmark/vm/source-text-module-chained.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..691af25618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm/source-text-module-chained.js
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const vm = require('vm');
+const common = require('../common.js');
+const assert = require('assert');
+
+const bench = common.createBenchmark(main, {
+  stage: ['all', 'instantiate', 'evaluate'],
+  n: [1000],
+}, {
+  flags: ['--experimental-vm-modules'],
+});
+
+function main({ stage, n }) {
+  const arr = [new vm.SourceTextModule(`
+    export const value = 42;
+  `)];
+
+  if (stage === 'all') {
+    bench.start();
+  }
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    const m = new vm.SourceTextModule(`
+      export { value } from 'mod${i}';
+    `);
+    arr.push(m);
+    m.linkRequests([arr[i]]);
+  }
+
+  if (stage === 'instantiate') {
+    bench.start();
+  }
+  arr[n].instantiate();
+  if (stage === 'instantiate') {
+    bench.end(n);
+  }
+
+  if (stage === 'evaluate') {
+    bench.start();
+  }
+  arr[n].evaluate();
+  if (stage === 'evaluate' || stage === 'all') {
+    bench.end(n);
+  }
+
+  assert.strictEqual(arr[n].namespace.value, 42);
+}
diff --git a/benchmark/vm/source-text-module-flat.js b/benchmark/vm/source-text-module-flat.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06acacb25a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm/source-text-module-flat.js
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const vm = require('vm');
+const common = require('../common.js');
+const assert = require('assert');
+
+const bench = common.createBenchmark(main, {
+  stage: ['all', 'link', 'instantiate', 'evaluate'],
+  n: [1000],
+}, {
+  flags: ['--experimental-vm-modules'],
+});
+
+function main({ stage, n }) {
+  const arr = [];
+  let importSource = '';
+  let useSource = 'export const result = 0 ';
+  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    importSource += `import { value${i} } from 'mod${i}';\n`;
+    useSource += ` + value${i}\n`;
+  }
+
+  if (stage === 'all') {
+    bench.start();
+  }
+  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    const m = new vm.SourceTextModule(`
+      export const value${i} = 1;
+    `);
+    arr.push(m);
+  }
+
+  const root = new vm.SourceTextModule(`
+    ${importSource}
+    ${useSource};
+  `);
+
+  if (stage === 'link') {
+    bench.start();
+  }
+
+  root.linkRequests(arr);
+  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    arr[i].linkRequests([]);
+  }
+
+  if (stage === 'link') {
+    bench.end(n);
+  }
+
+  if (stage === 'instantiate') {
+    bench.start();
+  }
+  root.instantiate();
+  if (stage === 'instantiate') {
+    bench.end(n);
+  }
+
+  if (stage === 'evaluate') {
+    bench.start();
+  }
+  root.evaluate();
+  if (stage === 'evaluate' || stage === 'all') {
+    bench.end(n);
+  }
+
+  assert.strictEqual(root.namespace.result, n);
+}