Add support for Windows App Control/WDAC (#84898)

* Add support for Windows App Control/WDAC

Adds preview support for Windows App Control, formerly known as WDAC.
This is a tech preview feature and is designed to test out improvements
needed in future versions of Ansible.

* Use psd1 and parse it through the Ast to avoid any unexpected execution results

* Add tests for various manifest permutations

* Ignore test shebang failure

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Matt Davis <6775756+nitzmahone@users.noreply.github.com>

* Use more flexible test expectations

* Add type annotations for shell functions

---------

Co-authored-by: Matt Davis <6775756+nitzmahone@users.noreply.github.com>

.gitignore

@@ -97,6 +97,9 @@ Vagrantfile
 # vendored lib dir
 lib/ansible/_vendor/*
 !lib/ansible/_vendor/__init__.py
+# PowerShell signed hashlist
+lib/ansible/config/powershell_signatures.psd1
+*.authenticode
 # test stuff
 /test/integration/cloud-config-*.*
 !/test/integration/cloud-config-*.*.template

changelogs/fragments/windows-app-control.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+minor_changes:
+  - >-
+    windows - Added support for ``#AnsibleRequires -Wrapper`` to request a PowerShell module be run through the
+    execution wrapper scripts without any module utils specified.
+  - >-
+    windows - Added support for running signed modules and scripts with a Windows host protected by Windows App
+    Control/WDAC. This is a tech preview and the interface may be subject to change.
+  - >-
+    windows - Script modules will preserve UTF-8 encoding when executing the script.

lib/ansible/executor/module_common.py

@@ -991,10 +991,8 @@ def _find_module_utils(
         module_substyle = 'powershell'
         b_module_data = b_module_data.replace(REPLACER_WINDOWS, b'#AnsibleRequires -PowerShell Ansible.ModuleUtils.Legacy')
     elif re.search(b'#Requires -Module', b_module_data, re.IGNORECASE) \
-            or re.search(b'#Requires -Version', b_module_data, re.IGNORECASE)\
+            or re.search(b'#Requires -Version', b_module_data, re.IGNORECASE) \
-            or re.search(b'#AnsibleRequires -OSVersion', b_module_data, re.IGNORECASE) \
+            or re.search(b'#AnsibleRequires -(OSVersion|PowerShell|CSharpUtil|Wrapper)', b_module_data, re.IGNORECASE):
-            or re.search(b'#AnsibleRequires -Powershell', b_module_data, re.IGNORECASE) \
-            or re.search(b'#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil', b_module_data, re.IGNORECASE):
         module_style = 'new'
         module_substyle = 'powershell'
     elif REPLACER_JSONARGS in b_module_data:

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/async_watchdog.ps1

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ param([ScriptBlock]$ScriptBlock, $Param)
 & $ScriptBlock.Ast.GetScriptBlock() @Param
 '@).AddParameters(
     @{
-        ScriptBlock = $execInfo.ScriptBlock
+        ScriptBlock = $execInfo.ScriptInfo.ScriptBlock
         Param = $execInfo.Parameters
     })
 

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/async_wrapper.ps1

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ try {
     }
     $execWrapper = @{
         name = 'exec_wrapper-async.ps1'
-        script = $execAction.Script
+        script = $execAction.ScriptInfo.Script
         params = $execAction.Parameters
     } | ConvertTo-Json -Compress -Depth 99
     $asyncInput = "$execWrapper`n`0`0`0`0`n$($execAction.InputData)"

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/become_wrapper.ps1

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using namespace System.Collections
 using namespace System.Diagnostics
 using namespace System.IO
 using namespace System.Management.Automation
+using namespace System.Management.Automation.Security
 using namespace System.Net
 using namespace System.Text
 
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ $executablePath = Join-Path -Path $PSHome -ChildPath $executable
 $actionInfo = Get-AnsibleExecWrapper -EncodeInputOutput
 $bootstrapManifest = ConvertTo-Json -InputObject @{
     n = "exec_wrapper-become-$([Guid]::NewGuid()).ps1"
-    s = $actionInfo.Script
+    s = $actionInfo.ScriptInfo.Script
     p = $actionInfo.Parameters
 } -Depth 99 -Compress
 
@@ -68,10 +69,27 @@ $m=foreach($i in $input){
 $m=$m|ConvertFrom-Json
 $p=@{}
 foreach($o in $m.p.PSObject.Properties){$p[$o.Name]=$o.Value}
-$c=[System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseInput($m.s,$m.n,[ref]$null,[ref]$null).GetScriptBlock()
-$input | & $c @p
 '@
 
+if ([SystemPolicy]::GetSystemLockdownPolicy() -eq 'Enforce') {
+    # If we started in CLM we need to execute the script from a file so that
+    # PowerShell validates our exec_wrapper is trusted and will run in FLM.
+    $command += @'
+$n=Join-Path $env:TEMP $m.n
+$null=New-Item $n -Value $m.s -Type File -Force
+try{$input|&$n @p}
+finally{if(Test-Path -LiteralPath $n){Remove-Item -LiteralPath $n -Force}}
+'@
+}
+else {
+    # If we started in FLM we pass the script through stdin and execute in
+    # memory.
+    $command += @'
+$c=[System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseInput($m.s,$m.n,[ref]$null,[ref]$null).GetScriptBlock()
+$input|&$c @p
+'@
+}
+
 # Strip out any leading or trailing whitespace and remove empty lines.
 $command = @(
     ($command -split "\r?\n") |

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/bootstrap_wrapper.ps1

@@ -18,10 +18,32 @@ foreach ($obj in $code.params.PSObject.Properties) {
     $splat[$obj.Name] = $obj.Value
 }
 
-$cmd = [System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseInput(
+$filePath = $null
-    $code.script,
+try {
-    "$($code.name).ps1", # Name is used in stack traces.
+    $cmd = if ($ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode -eq 'FullLanguage') {
-    [ref]$null,
+        # In FLM we can just invoke the code as a scriptblock without touching the
-    [ref]$null).GetScriptBlock()
+        # disk.
+        [System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseInput(
+            $code.script,
+            "$($code.name).ps1", # Name is used in stack traces.
+            [ref]$null,
+            [ref]$null).GetScriptBlock()
+    }
+    else {
+        # CLM needs to execute code from a file for it to run in FLM when trusted.
+        # Set-Item on 5.1 doesn't have a way to use UTF-8 without a BOM but luckily
+        # New-Item does that by default for both 5.1 and 7. We need to ensure we
+        # use UTF-8 without BOM so the signature is correct.
+        $filePath = Join-Path -Path $env:TEMP -ChildPath "$($code.name)-$(New-Guid).ps1"
+        $null = New-Item -Path $filePath -Value $code.script -ItemType File -Force
 
-$input | & $cmd @splat
+        $filePath
+    }
+
+    $input | & $cmd @splat
+}
+finally {
+    if ($filePath -and (Test-Path -LiteralPath $filePath)) {
+        Remove-Item -LiteralPath $filePath -Force
+    }
+}

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/exec_wrapper.ps1

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ using namespace System.Linq
 using namespace System.Management.Automation
 using namespace System.Management.Automation.Language
 using namespace System.Management.Automation.Security
+using namespace System.Reflection
 using namespace System.Security.Cryptography
 using namespace System.Text
 
@@ -53,6 +54,10 @@ begin {
     $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
     $ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
 
+    if ($PSCommandPath -and (Test-Path -LiteralPath $PSCommandPath)) {
+        Remove-Item -LiteralPath $PSCommandPath -Force
+    }
+
     # Try and set the console encoding to UTF-8 allowing Ansible to read the
     # output of the wrapper as UTF-8 bytes.
     try {
@@ -89,6 +94,9 @@ begin {
     }
 
     # $Script:AnsibleManifest = @{}  # Defined in process/end.
+    $Script:AnsibleShouldConstrain = [SystemPolicy]::GetSystemLockdownPolicy() -eq 'Enforce'
+    $Script:AnsibleTrustedHashList = [HashSet[string]]::new([StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+    $Script:AnsibleUnsupportedHashList = [HashSet[string]]::new([StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
     $Script:AnsibleWrapperWarnings = [List[string]]::new()
     $Script:AnsibleTempPath = @(
         # Wrapper defined tmpdir
@@ -110,6 +118,8 @@ begin {
             $false
         }
     } | Select-Object -First 1
+    $Script:AnsibleTempScripts = [List[string]]::new()
+    $Script:AnsibleClrFacadeSet = $false
 
     Function Convert-JsonObject {
         param(
@@ -147,7 +157,11 @@ begin {
 
             [Parameter()]
             [switch]
-            $IncludeScriptBlock
+            $IncludeScriptBlock,
+
+            [Parameter()]
+            [switch]
+            $SkipHashCheck
         )
 
         if (-not $Script:AnsibleManifest.scripts.Contains($Name)) {
@@ -172,11 +186,93 @@ begin {
                 [ref]$null).GetScriptBlock()
         }
 
-        [PSCustomObject]@{
+        $outputValue = [PSCustomObject]@{
             Name = $Name
             Script = $scriptContents
             Path = $scriptInfo.path
             ScriptBlock = $sbk
+            ShouldConstrain = $false
+        }
+
+        if (-not $Script:AnsibleShouldConstrain) {
+            $outputValue
+            return
+        }
+
+        if (-not $SkipHashCheck) {
+            $sha256 = [SHA256]::Create()
+            $scriptHash = [BitConverter]::ToString($sha256.ComputeHash($scriptBytes)).Replace("-", "")
+            $sha256.Dispose()
+
+            if ($Script:AnsibleUnsupportedHashList.Contains($scriptHash)) {
+                $err = [ErrorRecord]::new(
+                    [Exception]::new("Provided script for '$Name' is marked as unsupported in CLM mode."),
+                    "ScriptUnsupported",
+                    [ErrorCategory]::SecurityError,
+                    $Name)
+                $PSCmdlet.ThrowTerminatingError($err)
+            }
+            elseif ($Script:AnsibleTrustedHashList.Contains($scriptHash)) {
+                $outputValue
+                return
+            }
+        }
+
+        # If we have reached here we are running in a locked down environment
+        # and the script is not trusted in the signed hashlists. Check if it
+        # contains the authenticode signature and verify that using PowerShell.
+        # [SystemPolicy]::GetFilePolicyEnforcement(...) is a new API but only
+        # present in Server 2025+ so we need to rely on the known behaviour of
+        # Get-Command to fail with CommandNotFoundException if the script is
+        # not allowed to run.
+        $outputValue.ShouldConstrain = $true
+        if ($scriptContents -like "*`r`n# SIG # Begin signature block`r`n*") {
+            Set-WinPSDefaultFileEncoding
+
+            # If the script is manually signed we need to ensure the signature
+            # is valid and trusted by the OS policy.
+            # We must use '.ps1' so the ExternalScript WDAC check will apply.
+            $tmpFile = [Path]::Combine($Script:AnsibleTempPath, "ansible-tmp-$([Guid]::NewGuid()).ps1")
+            try {
+                [File]::WriteAllBytes($tmpFile, $scriptBytes)
+                $cmd = Get-Command -Name $tmpFile -CommandType ExternalScript -ErrorAction Stop
+
+                # Get-Command caches the file contents after loading which we
+                # use to verify it was not modified before the signature check.
+                $expectedScript = $cmd.OriginalEncoding.GetString($scriptBytes)
+                if ($expectedScript -ne $cmd.ScriptContents) {
+                    $err = [ErrorRecord]::new(
+                        [Exception]::new("Script has been modified during signature check."),
+                        "ScriptModifiedTrusted",
+                        [ErrorCategory]::SecurityError,
+                        $Name)
+                    $PSCmdlet.ThrowTerminatingError($err)
+                }
+
+                $outputValue.ShouldConstrain = $false
+            }
+            catch [CommandNotFoundException] {
+                $null = $null  # No-op but satisfies the linter.
+            }
+            finally {
+                if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $tmpFile) {
+                    Remove-Item -LiteralPath $tmpFile -Force
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ($outputValue.ShouldConstrain -and $IncludeScriptBlock) {
+            # If the script is untrusted and a scriptblock was requested we
+            # error out as the sbk would have run in FLM.
+            $err = [ErrorRecord]::new(
+                [Exception]::new("Provided script for '$Name' is not trusted to run."),
+                "ScriptNotTrusted",
+                [ErrorCategory]::SecurityError,
+                $Name)
+            $PSCmdlet.ThrowTerminatingError($err)
+        }
+        else {
+            $outputValue
         }
     }
 
@@ -223,7 +319,7 @@ begin {
             $IncludeScriptBlock
         )
 
-        $sbk = Get-AnsibleScript -Name exec_wrapper.ps1 -IncludeScriptBlock:$IncludeScriptBlock
+        $scriptInfo = Get-AnsibleScript -Name exec_wrapper.ps1 -IncludeScriptBlock:$IncludeScriptBlock
         $params = @{
             # TempPath may contain env vars that change based on the runtime
             # environment. Ensure we use that and not the $script:AnsibleTempPath
@@ -244,8 +340,7 @@ begin {
         }
 
         [PSCustomObject]@{
-            Script = $sbk.Script
+            ScriptInfo = $scriptInfo
-            ScriptBlock = $sbk.ScriptBlock
             Parameters = $params
             InputData = $inputData
         }
@@ -279,11 +374,16 @@ begin {
 
         $isBasicUtil = $false
         $csharpModules = foreach ($moduleName in $Name) {
-            (Get-AnsibleScript -Name $moduleName).Script
+            $scriptInfo = Get-AnsibleScript -Name $moduleName
 
+            if ($scriptInfo.ShouldConstrain) {
+                throw "C# module util '$Name' is not trusted and cannot be loaded."
+            }
             if ($moduleName -eq 'Ansible.Basic.cs') {
                 $isBasicUtil = $true
             }
+
+            $scriptInfo.Script
         }
 
         $fakeModule = [PSCustomObject]@{
@@ -303,6 +403,112 @@ begin {
         }
     }
 
+    Function Import-SignedHashList {
+        [CmdletBinding()]
+        param (
+            [Parameter(Mandatory, ValueFromPipeline)]
+            [string]
+            $Name
+        )
+
+        process {
+            try {
+                # We skip the hash check to ensure we verify based on the
+                # authenticode signature and not whether it's trusted by an
+                # existing signed hash list.
+                $scriptInfo = Get-AnsibleScript -Name $Name -SkipHashCheck
+                if ($scriptInfo.ShouldConstrain) {
+                    throw "script is not signed or not trusted to run."
+                }
+
+                $hashListAst = [Parser]::ParseInput(
+                    $scriptInfo.Script,
+                    $Name,
+                    [ref]$null,
+                    [ref]$null)
+                $manifestAst = $hashListAst.Find({ $args[0] -is [HashtableAst] }, $false)
+                if ($null -eq $manifestAst) {
+                    throw "expecting a single hashtable in the signed manifest."
+                }
+
+                $out = $manifestAst.SafeGetValue()
+                if (-not $out.Contains('Version')) {
+                    throw "expecting hash list to contain 'Version' key."
+                }
+                if ($out.Version -ne 1) {
+                    throw "unsupported hash list Version $($out.Version), expecting 1."
+                }
+
+                if (-not $out.Contains('HashList')) {
+                    throw "expecting hash list to contain 'HashList' key."
+                }
+
+                $out.HashList | ForEach-Object {
+                    if ($_ -isnot [hashtable] -or -not $_.ContainsKey('Hash') -or $_.Hash -isnot [string] -or $_.Hash.Length -ne 64) {
+                        throw "expecting hash list to contain hashtable with Hash key with a value of a SHA256 strings."
+                    }
+
+                    if ($_.Mode -eq 'Trusted') {
+                        $null = $Script:AnsibleTrustedHashList.Add($_.Hash)
+                    }
+                    elseif ($_.Mode -eq 'Unsupported') {
+                        # Allows us to provide a better error when trying to run
+                        # something in CLM that is marked as unsupported.
+                        $null = $Script:AnsibleUnsupportedHashList.Add($_.Hash)
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        throw "expecting hash list entry for $($_.Hash) to contain a mode of 'Trusted' or 'Unsupported' but got '$($_.Mode)'."
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            catch {
+                $_.ErrorDetails = [ErrorDetails]::new("Failed to process signed manifest '$Name': $_")
+                $PSCmdlet.WriteError($_)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    Function New-TempAnsibleFile {
+        [OutputType([string])]
+        [CmdletBinding()]
+        param (
+            [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+            [string]
+            $FileName,
+
+            [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+            [string]
+            $Content
+        )
+
+        $name = [Path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($FileName)
+        $ext = [Path]::GetExtension($FileName)
+        $newName = "$($name)-$([Guid]::NewGuid())$ext"
+
+        $path = Join-Path -Path $Script:AnsibleTempPath $newName
+        Set-WinPSDefaultFileEncoding
+        [File]::WriteAllText($path, $Content, [UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+
+        $path
+    }
+
+    Function Set-WinPSDefaultFileEncoding {
+        [CmdletBinding()]
+        param ()
+
+        # WinPS defaults to the locale encoding when loading a script from the
+        # file path but in Ansible we expect it to always be UTF-8 without a
+        # BOM. This lazily sets an internal field so pwsh reads it as UTF-8.
+        # If we don't do this then scripts saved as UTF-8 on the Ansible
+        # controller will not run as expected.
+        if ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion -lt '6.0' -and -not $Script:AnsibleClrFacadeSet) {
+            $clrFacade = [PSObject].Assembly.GetType('System.Management.Automation.ClrFacade')
+            $defaultEncodingField = $clrFacade.GetField('_defaultEncoding', [BindingFlags]'NonPublic, Static')
+            $defaultEncodingField.SetValue($null, [UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+            $Script:AnsibleClrFacadeSet = $true
+        }
+    }
+
     Function Write-AnsibleErrorJson {
         [CmdletBinding()]
         param (
@@ -414,6 +620,10 @@ begin {
             $Script:AnsibleManifest = $Manifest
         }
 
+        if ($Script:AnsibleShouldConstrain) {
+            $Script:AnsibleManifest.signed_hashlist | Import-SignedHashList
+        }
+
         $actionInfo = Get-NextAnsibleAction
         $actionParams = $actionInfo.Parameters
 
@@ -500,5 +710,8 @@ end {
     }
     finally {
         $actionPipeline.Dispose()
+        if ($Script:AnsibleTempScripts) {
+            Remove-Item -LiteralPath $Script:AnsibleTempScripts -Force -ErrorAction Ignore
+        }
     }
 }

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/module_manifest.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ from ansible.plugins.loader import ps_module_utils_loader
 class _ExecManifest:
     scripts: dict[str, _ScriptInfo] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=dict)
     actions: list[_ManifestAction] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list)
+    signed_hashlist: list[str] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list)
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
@@ -54,6 +55,11 @@ class PSModuleDepFinder(object):
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         # This is also used by validate-modules to get a module's required utils in base and a collection.
         self.scripts: dict[str, _ScriptInfo] = {}
+        self.signed_hashlist: set[str] = set()
+
+        if builtin_hashlist := _get_powershell_signed_hashlist():
+            self.signed_hashlist.add(builtin_hashlist.path)
+            self.scripts[builtin_hashlist.path] = builtin_hashlist
 
         self._util_deps: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
 
@@ -119,6 +125,15 @@ class PSModuleDepFinder(object):
         lines = module_data.split(b'\n')
         module_utils: set[tuple[str, str, bool]] = set()
 
+        if fqn and fqn.startswith("ansible_collections."):
+            submodules = fqn.split('.')
+            collection_name = '.'.join(submodules[:3])
+
+            collection_hashlist = _get_powershell_signed_hashlist(collection_name)
+            if collection_hashlist and collection_hashlist.path not in self.signed_hashlist:
+                self.signed_hashlist.add(collection_hashlist.path)
+                self.scripts[collection_hashlist.path] = collection_hashlist
+
         if powershell:
             checks = [
                 # PS module contains '#Requires -Module Ansible.ModuleUtils.*'
@@ -315,6 +330,10 @@ def _bootstrap_powershell_script(
         )
     )
 
+    if hashlist := _get_powershell_signed_hashlist():
+        exec_manifest.signed_hashlist.append(hashlist.path)
+        exec_manifest.scripts[hashlist.path] = hashlist
+
     bootstrap_wrapper = _get_powershell_script("bootstrap_wrapper.ps1")
     bootstrap_input = _get_bootstrap_input(exec_manifest)
     if has_input:
@@ -339,6 +358,14 @@ def _get_powershell_script(
     if code is None:
         raise AnsibleFileNotFound(f"Could not find powershell script '{package_name}.{name}'")
 
+    try:
+        sig_data = pkgutil.get_data(package_name, f"{name}.authenticode")
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        sig_data = None
+
+    if sig_data:
+        code = code + b"\r\n" + b"\r\n".join(sig_data.splitlines()) + b"\r\n"
+
     return code
 
 
@@ -501,6 +528,7 @@ def _create_powershell_wrapper(
     exec_manifest = _ExecManifest(
         scripts=finder.scripts,
         actions=actions,
+        signed_hashlist=list(finder.signed_hashlist),
     )
 
     return _get_bootstrap_input(
@@ -551,3 +579,27 @@ def _prepare_module_args(module_args: dict[str, t.Any], profile: str) -> dict[st
     encoder = get_module_encoder(profile, Direction.CONTROLLER_TO_MODULE)
 
     return json.loads(json.dumps(module_args, cls=encoder))
+
+
+def _get_powershell_signed_hashlist(
+    collection: str | None = None,
+) -> _ScriptInfo | None:
+    """Gets the signed hashlist script stored in either the Ansible package or for
+    the collection specified.
+
+    :param collection: The collection namespace to get the signed hashlist for or None for the builtin.
+    :return: The _ScriptInfo payload of the signed hashlist script if found, None if not.
+    """
+    resource = 'ansible.config' if collection is None else f"{collection}.meta"
+    signature_file = 'powershell_signatures.psd1'
+
+    try:
+        sig_data = pkgutil.get_data(resource, signature_file)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        sig_data = None
+
+    if sig_data:
+        resource_path = f"{resource}.{signature_file}"
+        return _ScriptInfo(content=sig_data, path=resource_path)
+
+    return None

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/module_wrapper.ps1

@@ -97,6 +97,10 @@ $ps = [PowerShell]::Create()
 if ($ForModule) {
     $ps.Runspace.SessionStateProxy.SetVariable("ErrorActionPreference", "Stop")
 }
+else {
+    # For script files we want to ensure we load it as UTF-8
+    Set-WinPSDefaultFileEncoding
+}
 
 foreach ($variable in $Variables) {
     $null = $ps.AddCommand("Set-Variable").AddParameters($variable).AddStatement()
@@ -112,12 +116,31 @@ foreach ($env in $Environment.GetEnumerator()) {
 $null = $ps.AddScript('Function Write-Host($msg) { Write-Output -InputObject $msg }').AddStatement()
 
 $scriptInfo = Get-AnsibleScript -Name $Script
+if ($scriptInfo.ShouldConstrain) {
+    # Fail if there are any module utils, in the future we may allow unsigned
+    # PowerShell utils in CLM but for now we don't.
+    if ($PowerShellModules -or $CSharpModules) {
+        throw "Cannot run untrusted PowerShell script '$Script' in ConstrainedLanguage mode with module util imports."
+    }
 
-if ($PowerShellModules) {
+    # If the module is marked as needing to be constrained then we set the
-    foreach ($utilName in $PowerShellModules) {
+    # language mode to ConstrainedLanguage so that when parsed inside the
-        $utilInfo = Get-AnsibleScript -Name $utilName
+    # Runspace it will run in CLM. We need to run it from a filepath as in
+    # CLM we cannot call the methods needed to create the ScriptBlock and we
+    # need to be in CLM to downgrade the language mode.
+    $null = $ps.AddScript('$ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode = "ConstrainedLanguage"').AddStatement()
+    $scriptPath = New-TempAnsibleFile -FileName $Script -Content $scriptInfo.Script
+    $null = $ps.AddCommand($scriptPath, $false).AddStatement()
+}
+else {
+    if ($PowerShellModules) {
+        foreach ($utilName in $PowerShellModules) {
+            $utilInfo = Get-AnsibleScript -Name $utilName
+            if ($utilInfo.ShouldConstrain) {
+                throw "PowerShell module util '$utilName' is not trusted and cannot be loaded."
+            }
 
-        $null = $ps.AddScript(@'
+            $null = $ps.AddScript(@'
 param ($Name, $Script)
 
 $moduleName = [System.IO.Path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($Name)
@@ -130,32 +153,33 @@ $sbk = [System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseInput(
 New-Module -Name $moduleName -ScriptBlock $sbk |
     Import-Module -WarningAction SilentlyContinue -Scope Global
 '@, $true)
-        $null = $ps.AddParameters(
+            $null = $ps.AddParameters(
-            @{
+                @{
-                Name = $utilName
+                    Name = $utilName
-                Script = $utilInfo.Script
+                    Script = $utilInfo.Script
-            }
+                }
-        ).AddStatement()
+            ).AddStatement()
+        }
     }
-}
 
-if ($CSharpModules) {
+    if ($CSharpModules) {
-    # C# utils are process wide so just load them here.
+        # C# utils are process wide so just load them here.
-    Import-CSharpUtil -Name $CSharpModules
+        Import-CSharpUtil -Name $CSharpModules
-}
+    }
 
-# We invoke it through a command with useLocalScope $false to
+    # We invoke it through a command with useLocalScope $false to
-# ensure the code runs with it's own $script: scope. It also
+    # ensure the code runs with it's own $script: scope. It also
-# cleans up the StackTrace on errors by not showing the stub
+    # cleans up the StackTrace on errors by not showing the stub
-# execution line and starts immediately at the module "cmd".
+    # execution line and starts immediately at the module "cmd".
-$null = $ps.AddScript(@'
+    $null = $ps.AddScript(@'
 ${function:<AnsibleModule>} = [System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseInput(
     $args[0],
     $args[1],
     [ref]$null,
     [ref]$null).GetScriptBlock()
 '@).AddArgument($scriptInfo.Script).AddArgument($Script).AddStatement()
-$null = $ps.AddCommand('<AnsibleModule>', $false).AddStatement()
+    $null = $ps.AddCommand('<AnsibleModule>', $false).AddStatement()
+}
 
 if ($Breakpoints) {
     $ps.Runspace.Debugger.SetBreakpoints($Breakpoints)

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/powershell_expand_user.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# (c) 2025 Ansible Project
+# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)
+
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param (
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $Path
+)
+
+$userProfile = [Environment]::GetFolderPath([Environment+SpecialFolder]::UserProfile)
+if ($Path -eq '~') {
+    $userProfile
+}
+elseif ($Path.StartsWith(('~\'))) {
+    Join-Path -Path $userProfile -ChildPath $Path.Substring(2)
+}
+else {
+    $Path
+}

lib/ansible/executor/powershell/powershell_mkdtemp.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# (c) 2025 Ansible Project
+# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)
+
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param (
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $Directory,
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $Name
+)
+
+$path = [Environment]::ExpandEnvironmentVariables($Directory)
+$tmp = New-Item -Path $path -Name $Name -ItemType Directory
+$tmp.FullName

lib/ansible/plugins/action/__init__.py

@@ -474,8 +474,8 @@ class ActionBase(ABC, _AnsiblePluginInfoMixin):
 
         become_unprivileged = self._is_become_unprivileged()
         basefile = self._connection._shell._generate_temp_dir_name()
-        cmd = self._connection._shell.mkdtemp(basefile=basefile, system=become_unprivileged, tmpdir=tmpdir)
+        cmd = self._connection._shell._mkdtemp2(basefile=basefile, system=become_unprivileged, tmpdir=tmpdir)
-        result = self._low_level_execute_command(cmd, sudoable=False)
+        result = self._low_level_execute_command(cmd.command, in_data=cmd.input_data, sudoable=False)
 
         # error handling on this seems a little aggressive?
         if result['rc'] != 0:
@@ -906,8 +906,8 @@ class ActionBase(ABC, _AnsiblePluginInfoMixin):
                 expand_path = '~%s' % (self._get_remote_user() or '')
 
         # use shell to construct appropriate command and execute
-        cmd = self._connection._shell.expand_user(expand_path)
+        cmd = self._connection._shell._expand_user2(expand_path)
-        data = self._low_level_execute_command(cmd, sudoable=False)
+        data = self._low_level_execute_command(cmd.command, in_data=cmd.input_data, sudoable=False)
 
         try:
             initial_fragment = data['stdout'].strip().splitlines()[-1]

lib/ansible/plugins/connection/winrm.py

@@ -723,8 +723,11 @@ class Connection(ConnectionBase):
         super(Connection, self).exec_command(cmd, in_data=in_data, sudoable=sudoable)
 
         encoded_prefix = self._shell._encode_script('', as_list=False, strict_mode=False, preserve_rc=False)
-        if cmd.startswith(encoded_prefix):
+        if cmd.startswith(encoded_prefix) or cmd.startswith("type "):
-            # Avoid double encoding the script
+            # Avoid double encoding the script, the first means we are already
+            # running the standard PowerShell command, the latter is used for
+            # the no pipeline case where it uses type to pipe the script into
+            # powershell which is known to work without re-encoding as pwsh.
             cmd_parts = cmd.split(" ")
         else:
             cmd_parts = self._shell._encode_script(cmd, as_list=True, strict_mode=False, preserve_rc=False)

lib/ansible/plugins/shell/__init__.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 # along with Ansible.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import dataclasses
 import os
 import os.path
 import re
@@ -33,6 +34,13 @@ from ansible.plugins import AnsiblePlugin
 _USER_HOME_PATH_RE = re.compile(r'^~[_.A-Za-z0-9][-_.A-Za-z0-9]*$')
 
 
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True, slots=True)
+class _ShellCommand:
+    """Internal type returned by shell subsystems that may require both an execution payload and a command (eg powershell)."""
+    command: str
+    input_data: bytes | None = None
+
+
 class ShellBase(AnsiblePlugin):
     def __init__(self):
 
@@ -121,7 +129,13 @@ class ShellBase(AnsiblePlugin):
         cmd = ['test', '-e', self.quote(path)]
         return ' '.join(cmd)
 
-    def mkdtemp(self, basefile=None, system=False, mode=0o700, tmpdir=None):
+    def mkdtemp(
+        self,
+        basefile: str | None = None,
+        system: bool = False,
+        mode: int = 0o700,
+        tmpdir: str | None = None,
+    ) -> str:
         if not basefile:
             basefile = self.__class__._generate_temp_dir_name()
 
@@ -163,7 +177,31 @@ class ShellBase(AnsiblePlugin):
 
         return cmd
 
-    def expand_user(self, user_home_path, username=''):
+    def _mkdtemp2(
+        self,
+        basefile: str | None = None,
+        system: bool = False,
+        mode: int = 0o700,
+        tmpdir: str | None = None,
+    ) -> _ShellCommand:
+        """Gets command info to create a temporary directory.
+
+        This is an internal API that should not be used publicly.
+
+        :args basefile: The base name of the temporary directory.
+        :args system: If True, create the directory in a system-wide location.
+        :args mode: The permissions mode for the directory.
+        :args tmpdir: The directory in which to create the temporary directory.
+        :returns: The shell command to run to create the temp directory.
+        """
+        cmd = self.mkdtemp(basefile=basefile, system=system, mode=mode, tmpdir=tmpdir)
+        return _ShellCommand(command=cmd, input_data=None)
+
+    def expand_user(
+        self,
+        user_home_path: str,
+        username: str = '',
+    ) -> str:
         """ Return a command to expand tildes in a path
 
         It can be either "~" or "~username". We just ignore $HOME
@@ -184,6 +222,22 @@ class ShellBase(AnsiblePlugin):
 
         return 'echo %s' % user_home_path
 
+    def _expand_user2(
+        self,
+        user_home_path: str,
+        username: str = '',
+    ) -> _ShellCommand:
+        """Gets command to expand user path.
+
+        This is an internal API that should not be used publicly.
+
+        :args user_home_path: The path to expand.
+        :args username: The username to use for expansion.
+        :returns: The shell command to run to get the expanded user path.
+        """
+        cmd = self.expand_user(user_home_path, username=username)
+        return _ShellCommand(command=cmd, input_data=None)
+
     def pwd(self):
         """Return the working directory after connecting"""
         return 'echo %spwd%s' % (self._SHELL_SUB_LEFT, self._SHELL_SUB_RIGHT)

lib/ansible/plugins/shell/powershell.py

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ import shlex
 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 import ntpath
 
-from ansible.executor.powershell.module_manifest import _get_powershell_script
+from ansible.executor.powershell.module_manifest import _bootstrap_powershell_script, _get_powershell_script
 from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_bytes, to_text
-from ansible.plugins.shell import ShellBase
+from ansible.plugins.shell import ShellBase, _ShellCommand
 
 # This is weird, we are matching on byte sequences that match the utf-16-be
 # matches for '_x(a-fA-F0-9){4}_'. The \x00 and {4} will match the hex sequence
@@ -225,9 +225,15 @@ class ShellModule(ShellBase):
         else:
             return self._encode_script("""Remove-Item '%s' -Force;""" % path)
 
-    def mkdtemp(self, basefile=None, system=False, mode=None, tmpdir=None):
+    def mkdtemp(
-        # Windows does not have an equivalent for the system temp files, so
+        self,
-        # the param is ignored
+        basefile: str | None = None,
+        system: bool = False,
+        mode: int = 0o700,
+        tmpdir: str | None = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        # This is not called in Ansible anymore but it is kept for backwards
+        # compatibility in case other action plugins outside Ansible calls this.
         if not basefile:
             basefile = self.__class__._generate_temp_dir_name()
         basefile = self._escape(self._unquote(basefile))
@@ -241,10 +247,38 @@ class ShellModule(ShellBase):
         """
         return self._encode_script(script.strip())
 
-    def expand_user(self, user_home_path, username=''):
+    def _mkdtemp2(
-        # PowerShell only supports "~" (not "~username").  Resolve-Path ~ does
+        self,
-        # not seem to work remotely, though by default we are always starting
+        basefile: str | None = None,
-        # in the user's home directory.
+        system: bool = False,
+        mode: int = 0o700,
+        tmpdir: str | None = None,
+    ) -> _ShellCommand:
+        # Windows does not have an equivalent for the system temp files, so
+        # the param is ignored
+        if not basefile:
+            basefile = self.__class__._generate_temp_dir_name()
+
+        basefile = self._unquote(basefile)
+        basetmpdir = tmpdir if tmpdir else self.get_option('remote_tmp')
+
+        script, stdin = _bootstrap_powershell_script("powershell_mkdtemp.ps1", {
+            'Directory': basetmpdir,
+            'Name': basefile,
+        })
+
+        return _ShellCommand(
+            command=self._encode_script(script),
+            input_data=stdin,
+        )
+
+    def expand_user(
+        self,
+        user_home_path: str,
+        username: str = '',
+    ) -> str:
+        # This is not called in Ansible anymore but it is kept for backwards
+        # compatibility in case other actions plugins outside Ansible called this.
         user_home_path = self._unquote(user_home_path)
         if user_home_path == '~':
             script = 'Write-Output (Get-Location).Path'
@@ -254,6 +288,21 @@ class ShellModule(ShellBase):
             script = "Write-Output '%s'" % self._escape(user_home_path)
         return self._encode_script(f"{self._CONSOLE_ENCODING}; {script}")
 
+    def _expand_user2(
+        self,
+        user_home_path: str,
+        username: str = '',
+    ) -> _ShellCommand:
+        user_home_path = self._unquote(user_home_path)
+        script, stdin = _bootstrap_powershell_script("powershell_expand_user.ps1", {
+            'Path': user_home_path,
+        })
+
+        return _ShellCommand(
+            command=self._encode_script(script),
+            input_data=stdin,
+        )
+
     def exists(self, path):
         path = self._escape(self._unquote(path))
         script = """

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/aliases

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+shippable/windows/group1
+shippable/windows/smoketest
+needs/target/collection
+needs/target/setup_remote_tmp_dir
+destructive  # modifies files in the ansible installation dir

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/module_utils/CSharpSigned.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpSigned
+{
+    public class TestClass
+    {
+        public static string TestMethod(string input)
+        {
+            return input;
+        }
+    }
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/module_utils/CSharpUnsigned.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpUnsigned
+{
+    public class TestClass
+    {
+        public static string TestMethod(string input)
+        {
+            return input;
+        }
+    }
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/module_utils/PwshSigned.psm1

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Function Test-PwshSigned {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+    Tests a signed collection pwsh util.
+    #>
+    [CmdletBinding()]
+    param ()
+
+    @{
+        language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    }
+}
+
+Export-ModuleMember -Function Test-PwshSigned

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/module_utils/PwshUnsigned.psm1

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Function Test-PwshUnsigned {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+    Tests an unsigned collection pwsh util.
+    #>
+    [CmdletBinding()]
+    param ()
+
+    @{
+        language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    }
+}
+
+Export-ModuleMember -Function Test-PwshUnsigned

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/inline_signed.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -Wrapper
+
+@{
+    test = 'inline_signed'
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    whoami = [Environment]::UserName
+    ünicode = $complex_args.input
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/inline_signed_not_trusted.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -Wrapper
+
+@{
+    test = 'inline_signed_not_trusted'
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    whoami = [Environment]::UserName
+    ünicode = $complex_args.input
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/scope.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!powershell
+
+using namespace Ansible.Basic
+using namespace System.Management.Automation.Language
+using namespace Invalid.Namespace.That.Does.Not.Exist
+
+#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil Ansible.Basic
+
+$module = [AnsibleModule]::Create($args, @{ options = @{} })
+
+$module.Result.module_using_namespace = [Parser].FullName
+
+# Verifies the module is run in its own script scope
+$var = 'foo'
+$module.Result.script_var = $script:var
+
+$missingUsingNamespace = $false
+try {
+    # exec_wrapper does 'using namespace System.IO'. This ensures that this
+    # hasn't persisted to the module scope and it has it's own set of using
+    # types.
+    $null = [File]::Exists('test')
+}
+catch {
+    $missingUsingNamespace = $true
+}
+$module.Result.missing_using_namespace = $missingUsingNamespace
+
+$module.ExitJson()

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/signed.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -Wrapper
+
+@{
+    test = 'signed'
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    whoami = [Environment]::UserName
+    ünicode = $complex_args.input
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/signed_module_util.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil Ansible.Basic
+#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil ..module_utils.CSharpSigned
+
+#AnsibleRequires -PowerShell Ansible.ModuleUtils.AddType
+#AnsibleRequires -PowerShell ..module_utils.PwshSigned
+
+# Tests builtin C# util
+$module = [Ansible.Basic.AnsibleModule]::Create($args, @{ options = @{} })
+
+# Tests builtin pwsh util
+Add-CSharpType -AnsibleModule $module -References @'
+using System;
+
+namespace ns.col.module_utils
+{
+    public class InlineCSharp
+    {
+        public static string TestMethod(string input)
+        {
+            return input;
+        }
+    }
+}
+'@
+
+$module.Result.language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+$module.Result.builtin_powershell_util = [ns.col.module_utils.InlineCSharp]::TestMethod("value")
+$module.Result.csharp_util = [ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpSigned.TestClass]::TestMethod("value")
+$module.Result.powershell_util = Test-PwshSigned
+
+$module.ExitJson()

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/skipped.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -Wrapper
+
+if ($complex_args.should_fail) {
+    throw "exception here"
+}
+
+@{
+    test = 'skipped'
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    whoami = [Environment]::UserName
+    ünicode = $complex_args.input
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/unsigned_csharp_util.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil ..module_utils.CSharpUnsigned
+
+@{
+    changed = $false
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    res = [ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpUnsigned.TestClass]::TestMethod("value")
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/unsigned_module_with_util.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil Ansible.Basic
+#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil ..module_utils.CSharpSigned
+
+#AnsibleRequires -PowerShell Ansible.ModuleUtils.AddType
+#AnsibleRequires -PowerShell ..module_utils.PwshSigned
+
+@{
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    builtin_csharp = $null -ne ('Ansible.Basic.AnsibleModule' -as [type])
+    builtin_pwsh = [bool](Get-Command Add-CSharpType -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
+    collection_csharp = $null -ne ('ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpSigned.TestClass' -as [type])
+    collection_pwsh = [bool](Get-Command Test-PwshSigned -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/unsigned_pwsh_util.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -PowerShell ..module_utils.PwshUnsigned
+
+@{
+    changed = $false
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    res = Test-PwshUnsigned
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/plugins/modules/unsupported.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -Wrapper
+
+@{
+    test = 'unsupported'
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    whoami = [Environment]::UserName
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/roles/app_control_script/files/signed.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+@{
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    whoami = [Environment]::UserName
+    ünicode = $args[0]
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/roles/app_control_script/files/unsigned.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+@{
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    whoami = [Environment]::UserName
+    ünicode = $args[0]
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/col/roles/app_control_script/tasks/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+- name: run signed script
+  script: signed.ps1 café
+  register: signed_res
+
+- name: run unsigned script
+  script: unsigned.ps1 café
+  register: unsigned_res

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/invalid_manifest/plugins/modules/module.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -Wrapper
+
+@{
+    test = 'ns.invalid_manifest.module'
+    language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+    whoami = [Environment]::UserName
+    ünicode = $complex_args.input
+} | ConvertTo-Json

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/ansible_collections/ns/module_util_ref/plugins/modules/module.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil Ansible.Basic
+#AnsibleRequires -CSharpUtil ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpSigned
+#AnsibleRequires -PowerShell ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.PwshSigned
+
+# Tests signed util in another trusted collection works
+
+$module = [Ansible.Basic.AnsibleModule]::Create($args, @{ options = @{} })
+
+$module.Result.language_mode = $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode.ToString()
+$module.Result.csharp_util = [ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpSigned.TestClass]::TestMethod("value")
+$module.Result.powershell_util = Test-PwshSigned
+
+$module.ExitJson()

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/create_manifest.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+- name: create manifest file
+  ansible.builtin.template:
+    src: '{{ manifest_file }}'
+    dest: '{{ local_tmp_dir }}/ansible_collections/ns/invalid_manifest/meta/powershell_signatures.psd1'
+  delegate_to: localhost
+
+- name: sign manifest file
+  ansible.builtin.script: >-
+    Set-ManifestSignature.ps1
+    -Path {{ local_tmp_dir ~ "/ansible_collections/ns/invalid_manifest/meta/powershell_signatures.psd1" | quote }}
+    -CertPath {{ local_tmp_dir ~ "/" ~ (cert_name | default("wdac-signing")) ~ ".pfx" | quote }}
+    -CertPass {{ cert_pw | quote }}
+  environment:
+    NO_COLOR: '1'
+  delegate_to: localhost

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/files/New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env pwsh
+
+# 0.5.0 fixed BOM-less encoding issues with Unicode
+#Requires -Modules @{ ModuleName = 'OpenAuthenticode'; ModuleVersion = '0.5.0' }
+
+using namespace System.Collections.Generic
+using namespace System.IO
+using namespace System.Management.Automation
+using namespace System.Management.Automation.Language
+using namespace System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates
+
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param (
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $CollectionPath,
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $CertPath,
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $UntrustedCertPath,
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $CertPass
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+Function New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+    Creates and signed Ansible content for App Control/WDAC.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+    This function will generate the powershell_signatures.psd1 manifest and sign
+    it. The manifest file includes all PowerShell/C# module_utils and
+    PowerShell modules in the collection(s) specified. It will also create the
+    '*.authenticode' signature file for the exec_wrapper.ps1 used inside
+    Ansible itself.
+
+    .PARAMETER Certificate
+    The certificate to use for signing the content.
+
+    .PARAMETER Collection
+    The collection(s) to sign. This is set to ansible.builtin by default but
+    can be overriden to include other collections like ansible.windows.
+
+    .PARAMETER Skip
+    A list of plugins to skip by the fully qualified name. Plugins skipped will
+    not be included in the signed manifest. This means that modules will be run
+    in CLM mode and module_utils will be skipped entirely.
+
+    The values in the list should be the fully qualified name of the plugin as
+    referenced in Ansible. The value can also optionally include the extension
+    of the file if the FQN is ambigious, e.g. collection util that has both a
+    PowerShell and C# util of the same name.
+
+    Here are some examples for the various content types:
+
+        # Ansible Builtin Modules
+        'ansible.builtin.module_name'
+
+        # Ansible Builtin ModuleUtil
+        'Ansible.ModuleUtils.PowerShellUtil'
+        'Ansible.CSharpUtil'
+
+        # Collection Modules
+        'namespace.name.module_name'
+
+        # Collection ModuleUtils
+        'ansible_collections.namespace.name.plugins.module_utils.PowerShellUtil'
+        'ansible_collections.namespace.name.plugins.module_utils.PowerShellUtil.psm1'
+
+        'ansible_collections.namespace.name.plugins.module_utils.CSharpUtil'
+        'ansible_collections.namespace.name.plugins.module_utils.CSharpUtil.cs'
+
+    .PARAMETER Unsupported
+    A list of plugins to be marked as unsupported in the manifest and will
+    error when being run. List -Skip, the values here are the fully qualified
+    name of the plugin as referenced in Ansible.
+
+    .PARAMETER TimeStampServer
+    Optional authenticode timestamp server to use when signing the content.
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+    Signs just the content included in Ansible.
+
+        $cert = [X509Certificate2]::new("wdac-cert.pfx", "password")
+        New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature -Certificate $cert
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+    Signs just the content include in Ansible and the ansible.windows collection
+
+        $cert = [X509Certificate2]::new("wdac-cert.pfx", "password")
+        New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature -Certificate $cert -Collection ansible.builtin, ansible.windows
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+    Signs just the content in the ansible.windows collection
+
+        $cert = [X509Certificate2]::new("wdac-cert.pfx", "password")
+        New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature -Certificate $cert -Collection ansible.windows
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+    Signs content but skips the specified modules and module_utils
+        $skip = @(
+            # Skips the module specified
+            'namespace.name.module'
+
+            # Skips the module_utils specified
+            'ansible_collections.namespace.name.plugins.module_utils.PowerShellUtil'
+            'ansible_collections.namespace.name.plugins.module_utils.CSharpUtil'
+
+            # Skips signing the file specified
+            'ansible_collections.namespace.name.plugins.plugin_utils.powershell.file.ps1'
+        )
+        $cert = [X509Certificate2]::new("wdac-cert.pfx", "password")
+        New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature -Certificate $cert -Collection namespace.name -Skip $skip
+
+    .NOTES
+    This function requires Ansible to be installed and available in the PATH so
+    it can find the Ansible installation and collection paths.
+    #>
+    [CmdletBinding()]
+    param (
+        [Parameter(
+            Mandatory
+        )]
+        [X509Certificate2]
+        $Certificate,
+
+        [Parameter(
+            ValueFromPipeline,
+            ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName
+        )]
+        [string[]]
+        $Collection = "ansible.builtin",
+
+        [Parameter(
+            ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName
+        )]
+        [string[]]
+        $Skip = @(),
+
+        [Parameter(
+            ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName
+        )]
+        [string[]]
+        $Unsupported = @(),
+
+        [Parameter()]
+        [string]
+        $TimeStampServer
+    )
+
+    begin {
+        Write-Verbose "Attempting to get ansible-config dump"
+        $configRaw = ansible-config dump --format json --type base 2>&1
+        if ($LASTEXITCODE) {
+            $err = [ErrorRecord]::new(
+                [Exception]::new("Failed to get Ansible configuration, RC: ${LASTEXITCODE} - $configRaw"),
+                'FailedToGetAnsibleConfiguration',
+                [ErrorCategory]::NotSpecified,
+                $null)
+            $PSCmdlet.ThrowTerminatingError($err)
+        }
+
+        $config = $configRaw | ConvertFrom-Json
+        $collectionsPaths = @($config | Where-Object name -EQ 'COLLECTIONS_PATHS' | ForEach-Object value)
+        Write-Verbose "Collections paths to be searched: [$($collectionsPaths -join ":")]"
+
+        $signParams = @{
+            Certificate = $Certificate
+            HashAlgorithm = 'SHA256'
+        }
+        if ($TimeStampServer) {
+            $signParams.TimeStampServer = $TimeStampServer
+        }
+
+        $checked = [HashSet[string]]::new([StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+
+        Function New-HashEntry {
+            [OutputType([PSObject])]
+            [CmdletBinding()]
+            param (
+                [Parameter(Mandatory, ValueFromPipeline)]
+                [FileInfo]
+                $File,
+
+                [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+                [AllowEmptyString()]
+                [string]
+                $PluginBase,
+
+                [Parameter()]
+                [AllowEmptyCollection()]
+                [string[]]
+                $Unsupported = @(),
+
+                [Parameter()]
+                [AllowEmptyCollection()]
+                [string[]]
+                $Skip = @()
+            )
+
+            process {
+                $nameWithoutExt = [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($PluginBase) ? $File.BaseName : "$PluginBase.$($File.BaseName)"
+                $nameWithExt = "$nameWithoutExt$($File.Extension)"
+
+                $mode = 'Trusted'
+                if ($nameWithoutExt -in $Skip -or $nameWithExt -in $Skip) {
+                    Write-Verbose "Skipping plugin '$nameWithExt' as it is in the supplied skip list"
+                    return
+                }
+                elseif ($nameWithoutExt -in $Unsupported -or $nameWithExt -in $Unsupported) {
+                    Write-Verbose "Marking plugin '$nameWithExt' as unsupported as it is in the unsupported list"
+                    $mode = 'Unsupported'
+                }
+
+                Write-Verbose "Hashing plugin '$nameWithExt'"
+                $hash = Get-FileHash -LiteralPath $File.FullName -Algorithm SHA256
+                [PSCustomObject]@{
+                    Name = $nameWithExt
+                    Hash = $hash.Hash
+                    Mode = $mode
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    process {
+        $newHashParams = @{
+            Skip = $Skip
+            Unsupported = $Unsupported
+        }
+
+        foreach ($c in $Collection) {
+            try {
+                if (-not $checked.Add($c)) {
+                    Write-Verbose "Skipping already processed collection $c"
+                    continue
+                }
+
+                $metaPath = $null
+                $pathsToSign = [List[FileInfo]]::new()
+                $hashedPaths = [List[PSObject]]::new()
+
+                if ($c -eq 'ansible.builtin') {
+                    Write-Verbose "Attempting to get Ansible installation path"
+                    $ansiblePath = python -c "import ansible; print(ansible.__file__)" 2>&1
+                    if ($LASTEXITCODE) {
+                        throw "Failed to find Ansible installation path, RC: ${LASTEXITCODE} - $ansiblePath"
+                    }
+
+                    $ansibleBase = Split-Path -Path $ansiblePath -Parent
+                    $metaPath = [Path]::Combine($ansibleBase, 'config')
+
+                    $execWrapper = Get-Item -LiteralPath ([Path]::Combine($ansibleBase, 'executor', 'powershell', 'exec_wrapper.ps1'))
+                    $pathsToSign.Add($execWrapper)
+
+                    $ansiblePwshContent = [PSObject[]]@(
+                        # These are needed for Ansible and cannot be skipped
+                        Get-ChildItem -Path ([Path]::Combine($ansibleBase, 'executor', 'powershell', '*.ps1')) -Exclude "bootstrap_wrapper.ps1" |
+                            New-HashEntry -PluginBase "ansible.executor.powershell"
+
+                        # Builtin utils are special where the filename is their FQN
+                        Get-ChildItem -Path ([Path]::Combine($ansibleBase, 'module_utils', 'csharp', '*.cs')) |
+                            New-HashEntry -PluginBase "" @newHashParams
+                        Get-ChildItem -Path ([Path]::Combine($ansibleBase, 'module_utils', 'powershell', '*.psm1')) |
+                            New-HashEntry -PluginBase "" @newHashParams
+
+                        Get-ChildItem -Path ([Path]::Combine($ansibleBase, 'modules', '*.ps1')) |
+                            New-HashEntry -PluginBase $c @newHashParams
+                    )
+                    $hashedPaths.AddRange($ansiblePwshContent)
+                }
+                else {
+                    Write-Verbose "Attempting to get collection path for $c"
+                    $namespace, $name, $remaining = $c.ToLowerInvariant() -split '\.'
+                    if (-not $name -or $remaining) {
+                        throw "Invalid collection name '$c', must be in the format 'namespace.name'"
+                    }
+
+                    $foundPath = $null
+                    foreach ($path in $collectionsPaths) {
+                        $collectionPath = [Path]::Combine($path, 'ansible_collections', $namespace, $name)
+
+                        Write-Verbose "Checking if collection $c exists in '$collectionPath'"
+                        if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $collectionPath) {
+                            $foundPath = $collectionPath
+                            break
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (-not $foundPath) {
+                        throw "Failed to find collection path for $c"
+                    }
+
+                    Write-Verbose "Using collection path '$foundPath' for $c"
+
+                    $metaPath = [Path]::Combine($foundPath, 'meta')
+
+                    $collectionPwshContent = [PSObject[]]@(
+                        $utilPath = [Path]::Combine($foundPath, 'plugins', 'module_utils')
+                        if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $utilPath) {
+                            Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $utilPath | Where-Object Extension -In '.cs', '.psm1' |
+                                New-HashEntry -PluginBase "ansible_collections.$c.plugins.module_utils" @newHashParams
+                        }
+
+                        $modulePath = [Path]::Combine($foundPath, 'plugins', 'modules')
+                        if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $modulePath) {
+                            Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $modulePath | Where-Object Extension -EQ '.ps1' |
+                                New-HashEntry -PluginBase $c @newHashParams
+                        }
+                    )
+                    $hashedPaths.AddRange($collectionPwshContent)
+                }
+
+                if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $metaPath)) {
+                    Write-Verbose "Creating meta path '$metaPath'"
+                    New-Item -Path $metaPath -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
+                }
+
+                $manifest = @(
+                    '@{'
+                    '    Version = 1'
+                    '    HashList = @('
+                    foreach ($content in $hashedPaths) {
+                        # To avoid encoding problems with Authenticode and non-ASCII
+                        # characters, we escape them as Unicode code points. We also
+                        # escape some ASCII control characters that can cause escaping
+                        # problems like newlines.
+                        $escapedName = [Regex]::Replace(
+                            $content.Name,
+                            '([^\u0020-\u007F])',
+                            { '\u{0:x4}' -f ([uint16][char]$args[0].Value) })
+
+                        $escapedHash = [CodeGeneration]::EscapeSingleQuotedStringContent($content.Hash)
+                        $escapedMode = [CodeGeneration]::EscapeSingleQuotedStringContent($content.Mode)
+                        "        # $escapedName"
+                        "        @{"
+                        "            Hash = '$escapedHash'"
+                        "            Mode = '$escapedMode'"
+                        "        }"
+                    }
+                    '    )'
+                    '}'
+                ) -join "`n"
+                $manifestPath = [Path]::Combine($metaPath, 'powershell_signatures.psd1')
+                Write-Verbose "Creating and signing manifest for $c at '$manifestPath'"
+                Set-Content -LiteralPath $manifestPath -Value $manifest -NoNewline
+
+                Set-OpenAuthenticodeSignature -LiteralPath $manifestPath @signParams
+
+                $pathsToSign | ForEach-Object -Process {
+                    $tempPath = Join-Path $_.DirectoryName "$($_.BaseName)_tmp.ps1"
+                    $_ | Copy-Item -Destination $tempPath -Force
+
+                    try {
+                        Write-Verbose "Signing script '$($_.FullName)'"
+                        Set-OpenAuthenticodeSignature -LiteralPath $tempPath @signParams
+
+                        $signedContent = Get-Content -LiteralPath $tempPath -Raw
+                        $sigIndex = $signedContent.LastIndexOf("`r`n# SIG # Begin signature block`r`n")
+                        if ($sigIndex -eq -1) {
+                            throw "Failed to find signature block in $($_.FullName)"
+                        }
+
+                        # Ignore the first and last \r\n when extracting the signature
+                        $sigIndex += 2
+                        $signature = $signedContent.Substring($sigIndex, $signedContent.Length - $sigIndex - 2)
+                        $sigPath = Join-Path $_.DirectoryName "$($_.Name).authenticode"
+
+                        Write-Verbose "Creating signature file at '$sigPath'"
+                        Set-Content -LiteralPath $sigPath -Value $signature -NoNewline
+                    }
+                    finally {
+                        $tempPath | Remove-Item -Force
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            catch {
+                $_.ErrorDetails = "Failed to process collection ${c}: $_"
+                $PSCmdlet.WriteError($_)
+                continue
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+$cert = [X509Certificate2]::new($CertPath, $CertPass)
+$untrustedCert = [X509Certificate2]::new($UntrustedCertPath, $CertPass)
+
+$sigParams = @{
+    Certificate = $cert
+    Collection = 'ansible.builtin', 'ansible.windows', 'ns.col', 'ns.module_util_ref'
+    Skip = @(
+        'ns.col.skipped'
+        'ns.col.inline_signed'
+        'ns.col.inline_signed_not_trusted'
+        'ns.col.unsigned_module_with_util'
+        'ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpUnsigned'
+        'ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.PwshUnsigned'
+    )
+    Unsupported = 'ns.col.unsupported'
+}
+New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature @sigParams
+
+@(
+    "$CollectionPath/plugins/modules/inline_signed.ps1"
+    "$CollectionPath/roles/app_control_script/files/signed.ps1"
+) | Set-OpenAuthenticodeSignature -Certificate $cert -HashAlgorithm SHA256
+
+@(
+    "$CollectionPath/plugins/modules/inline_signed_not_trusted.ps1"
+) | Set-OpenAuthenticodeSignature -Certificate $untrustedCert -HashAlgorithm SHA256

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/files/Set-ManifestSignature.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env pwsh
+
+# 0.5.0 fixed BOM-less encoding issues with Unicode
+#Requires -Modules @{ ModuleName = 'OpenAuthenticode'; ModuleVersion = '0.5.0' }
+
+using namespace System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates
+
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param (
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $Path,
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $CertPath,
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+    [string]
+    $CertPass
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+$cert = [X509Certificate2]::new($CertPath, $CertPass)
+Set-OpenAuthenticodeSignature -FilePath $Path -Certificate $cert -HashAlgorithm SHA256

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+- name: run App Control tests on Windows
+  hosts: windows
+  gather_facts: false
+  collections:
+  # This is important so that the temp ansible.windows is chosen over the ansible-test path
+  # which will not be signed
+  - ansible.windows
+
+  handlers:
+  - name: remove openauthenticode
+    shell: Uninstall-PSResource -Name OpenAuthenticode -Version 0.6.1
+    args:
+      executable: pwsh
+    delegate_to: localhost
+
+  tasks:
+  - name: make sure expected facts are set
+    assert:
+      that:
+      - ansible_install_dir is defined
+      - local_tmp_dir is defined
+
+  - name: get OS version
+    win_shell: (Get-Item -LiteralPath $env:SystemRoot\System32\kernel32.dll).VersionInfo.ProductVersion.ToString()
+    register: os_version
+
+  - name: setup and test block for 2019 and later
+    when:
+    - os_version.stdout | trim is version('10.0.17763', '>=')  # 2019+
+    block:
+    - name: get test remote tmp dir
+      import_role:
+        name: ../setup_remote_tmp_dir
+
+    - name: get current user
+      win_shell: '[Environment]::UserName'
+      register: current_user_raw
+
+    - name: set current user fact
+      set_fact:
+        current_user: '{{ current_user_raw.stdout | trim }}'
+
+    - name: setup App Control
+      import_tasks: setup.yml
+
+    - name: run content before enabling App Control
+      import_tasks: test_not_enabled.yml
+
+    - name: enable App Control
+      win_shell: |
+        $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+        $tmpPath = '{{ remote_tmp_dir }}'
+
+        $policyPath = Join-Path $tmpPath policy.xml
+        $certPath = Join-Path $tmpPath signing.cer
+        $policyName = 'Ansible_AppControl_Test'
+
+        Copy-Item "$env:windir\schemas\CodeIntegrity\ExamplePolicies\DefaultWindows_Enforced.xml" $policyPath
+        Set-CIPolicyIdInfo -FilePath $policyPath -PolicyName $policyName -PolicyId (New-Guid)
+        Set-CIPolicyVersion -FilePath $policyPath -Version "1.0.0.0"
+
+        Add-SignerRule -FilePath $policyPath -CertificatePath $certPath -User
+        Set-RuleOption -FilePath $policyPath -Option 0          # Enabled:UMCI
+        Set-RuleOption -FilePath $policyPath -Option 3 -Delete  # Enabled:Audit Mode
+        Set-RuleOption -FilePath $policyPath -Option 11 -Delete # Disabled:Script Enforcement
+        Set-RuleOption -FilePath $policyPath -Option 19         # Enabled:Dynamic Code Security
+
+        # Using $tmpPath has this step fail
+        $policyBinPath = "$env:windir\System32\CodeIntegrity\SiPolicy.p7b"
+        $null = ConvertFrom-CIPolicy -XmlFilePath $policyPath -BinaryFilePath $policyBinPath
+
+        $ciTool = Get-Command -Name CiTool.exe -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        $policyId = $null
+        if ($ciTool) {
+            $setInfo = & $ciTool --update-policy $policyBinPath *>&1
+            if ($LASTEXITCODE) {
+                throw "citool.exe --update-policy failed ${LASTEXITCODE}: $setInfo"
+            }
+
+            $policyId = & $ciTool --list-policies --json |
+                ConvertFrom-Json |
+                Select-Object -ExpandProperty Policies |
+                Where-Object FriendlyName -eq $policyName |
+                Select-Object -ExpandProperty PolicyID
+        }
+        else {
+            $rc = Invoke-CimMethod -Namespace root\Microsoft\Windows\CI -ClassName PS_UpdateAndCompareCIPolicy -MethodName Update -Arguments @{
+                FilePath = $policyBinPath
+            }
+            if ($rc.ReturnValue) {
+                throw "PS_UpdateAndCompareCIPolicy Update failed $($rc.ReturnValue)"
+            }
+        }
+
+        @{
+            policy_id = $policyId
+            path = $policyBinPath
+        } | ConvertTo-Json
+      register: policy_info_raw
+
+    - name: set policy info fact
+      set_fact:
+        policy_info: '{{ policy_info_raw.stdout | from_json }}'
+
+    - name: run content after enabling App Control
+      import_tasks: test_enabled.yml
+
+    - name: run invalid manifest tests
+      import_tasks: test_manifest.yml
+
+    always:
+    - name: disable policy through CiTool if present
+      win_shell: CiTool.exe --remove-policy {{ policy_info.policy_id }}
+      when:
+      - policy_info is defined
+      - policy_info.policy_id is truthy
+
+    - name: remove App Control policy
+      win_file:
+        path: '{{ policy_info.path }}'
+        state: absent
+      register: policy_removal
+      when:
+      - policy_info is defined
+
+    - name: reboot after removing policy file
+      win_reboot:
+      when: policy_removal is changed
+
+    - name: remove certificates
+      win_shell: |
+        $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+        Remove-Item -LiteralPath 'Cert:\LocalMachine\Root\{{ cert_info.ca_thumbprint }}' -Force
+        Remove-Item -LiteralPath 'Cert:\LocalMachine\TrustedPublisher\{{ cert_info.thumbprint }}' -Force
+      when: cert_info is defined
+
+    - name: remove signed Ansible content
+      file:
+        path: '{{ ansible_install_dir }}/{{ item }}'
+        state: absent
+      loop:
+      - config/powershell_signatures.psd1
+      - executor/powershell/exec_wrapper.ps1.authenticode
+      delegate_to: localhost

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/runme.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+if ! command -V pwsh; then
+  echo "skipping test since pwsh is not available"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+source ../collection/setup.sh
+
+set -x
+
+ANSIBLE_DIR="$( python -c "import pathlib, ansible; print(pathlib.Path(ansible.__file__).parent)" )"
+
+ANSIBLE_COLLECTIONS_PATH="${WORK_DIR}" ANSIBLE_DISPLAY_TRACEBACK=error \
+    ansible-playbook "${TEST_DIR}/main.yml" \
+    --inventory "${TEST_DIR}/../../inventory.winrm" \
+    --extra-vars "local_tmp_dir=${WORK_DIR} ansible_install_dir=${ANSIBLE_DIR}" \
+    "${@}"

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/setup.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+- name: setup test facts
+  set_fact:
+    cert_pw: "{{ 'password123!' + lookup('password', '/dev/null chars=ascii_letters,digits length=8') }}"
+
+- name: setup WDAC certificates
+  win_shell: |
+    $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+    $testPrefix = 'Ansible-WDAC'
+    $certPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString -String '{{ cert_pw }}' -Force -AsPlainText
+    $remoteTmpDir = '{{ remote_tmp_dir }}'
+
+    $enhancedKeyUsage = [Security.Cryptography.OidCollection]::new()
+    $null = $enhancedKeyUsage.Add('1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3')  # Code Signing
+    $caParams = @{
+        Extension = @(
+            [Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509BasicConstraintsExtension]::new($true, $false, 0, $true),
+            [Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509KeyUsageExtension]::new('KeyCertSign', $false),
+            [Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509EnhancedKeyUsageExtension ]::new($enhancedKeyUsage, $false)
+        )
+        CertStoreLocation = 'Cert:\CurrentUser\My'
+        NotAfter = (Get-Date).AddDays(1)
+        Type = 'Custom'
+    }
+    $ca = New-SelfSignedCertificate @caParams -Subject "CN=$testPrefix-Root"
+
+    $certParams = @{
+        CertStoreLocation = 'Cert:\CurrentUser\My'
+        KeyUsage = 'DigitalSignature'
+        TextExtension = @("2.5.29.37={text}1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3", "2.5.29.19={text}")
+        Type = 'Custom'
+    }
+    $cert = New-SelfSignedCertificate @certParams -Subject "CN=$testPrefix-Signed" -Signer $ca
+    $null = $cert | Export-PfxCertificate -Password $certPassword -FilePath "$remoteTmpDir\signing.pfx"
+    $cert.Export('Cert') | Set-Content -LiteralPath "$remoteTmpDir\signing.cer" -Encoding Byte
+
+    $certUntrusted = New-SelfSignedCertificate @certParams -Subject "CN=$testPrefix-Untrusted"
+    $null = $certUntrusted | Export-PfxCertificate -Password $certPassword -FilePath "$remoteTmpDir\untrusted.pfx"
+
+    $caWithoutKey = [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2]::new($ca.Export('Cert'))
+    $certWithoutKey = [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2]::new($cert.Export('Cert'))
+
+    Remove-Item -LiteralPath "Cert:\CurrentUser\My\$($ca.Thumbprint)" -DeleteKey -Force
+    Remove-Item -LiteralPath "Cert:\CurrentUser\My\$($cert.Thumbprint)" -DeleteKey -Force
+    Remove-Item -LiteralPath "Cert:\CurrentUser\My\$($certUntrusted.Thumbprint)" -DeleteKey -Force
+
+    $root = Get-Item Cert:\LocalMachine\Root
+    $root.Open('ReadWrite')
+    $root.Add($caWithoutKey)
+    $root.Dispose()
+
+    $trustedPublisher = Get-Item Cert:\LocalMachine\TrustedPublisher
+    $trustedPublisher.Open('ReadWrite')
+    $trustedPublisher.Add($certWithoutKey)
+    $trustedPublisher.Dispose()
+
+    @{
+        ca_thumbprint = $caWithoutKey.Thumbprint
+        thumbprint = $certWithoutKey.Thumbprint
+        untrusted_thumbprint = $certUntrusted.Thumbprint
+    } | ConvertTo-Json
+  register: cert_info_raw
+  become: true
+  become_method: runas
+  vars:
+    ansible_become_user: '{{ ansible_user }}'
+    ansible_become_pass: '{{ ansible_password | default(ansible_test_connection_password) }}'
+
+- name: parse raw cert_info
+  set_fact:
+    cert_info: "{{ cert_info_raw.stdout | from_json }}"
+
+- name: fetch signing certificates
+  fetch:
+    src: '{{ remote_tmp_dir }}\{{ item }}.pfx'
+    dest: '{{ local_tmp_dir }}/wdac-{{ item }}.pfx'
+    flat: yes
+  loop:
+  - signing
+  - untrusted
+
+- name: install OpenAuthenticode
+  shell: |
+    if (-not (Get-Module -Name OpenAuthenticode -ListAvailable | Where-Object Version -ge '0.5.0')) {
+        $url = 'https://ansible-ci-files.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/test/integration/targets/win_app_control/openauthenticode.0.6.1.nupkg'
+        Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $url -OutFile '{{ local_tmp_dir }}/openauthenticode.0.6.1.nupkg'
+
+        Register-PSResourceRepository -Name AnsibleTemp -Trusted -Uri '{{ local_tmp_dir }}'
+        try {
+            Install-PSResource -Name OpenAuthenticode -Repository AnsibleTemp
+        } finally {
+            Unregister-PSResourceRepository -Name AnsibleTemp
+        }
+
+        $true
+    } else {
+        $false
+    }
+  args:
+    executable: pwsh
+  register: open_auth_install
+  changed_when: open_auth_install.stdout | bool
+  notify: remove openauthenticode
+  delegate_to: localhost
+
+- name: sign Ansible content
+  script: >-
+    New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1
+    -CollectionPath {{ local_tmp_dir ~ "/ansible_collections/ns/col" | quote }}
+    -CertPath {{ local_tmp_dir ~ "/wdac-signing.pfx" | quote }}
+    -UntrustedCertPath {{ local_tmp_dir ~ "/wdac-untrusted.pfx" | quote }}
+    -CertPass {{ cert_pw | quote }}
+    -Verbose
+  environment:
+    NO_COLOR: '1'
+  delegate_to: localhost

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_invalid_version.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@{
+    Version = 2
+    HashList = @(
+        @{
+            Hash = '{{ module_hash }}'
+            Mode = 'Trusted'
+        }
+    )
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_no_hashtable.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+'failure'

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_no_version.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+@{
+    HashList = @(
+        @{
+            Hash = '{{ module_hash }}'
+            Mode = 'Trusted'
+        }
+    )
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_v1_invalid_hash_subkey.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@{
+    Version = 1
+    HashList = @(
+        @{
+            Hash = '{{ module_hash }} - extra'
+            Mode = 'Trusted'
+        }
+    )
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_v1_invalid_mode_subkey.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@{
+    Version = 1
+    HashList = @(
+        @{
+            Hash = '{{ module_hash }}'
+            Mode = 'Other'
+        }
+    )
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_v1_no_hash_subkey.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+@{
+    Version = 1
+    HashList = @(
+        @{
+            Mode = 'Trusted'
+        }
+    )
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_v1_no_hashlist.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+@{
+    Version = 1
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_v1_no_mode_subkey.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+@{
+    Version = 1
+    HashList = @(
+        @{
+            Hash = '{{ module_hash }}'
+        }
+    )
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_v1_ok.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@{
+    Version = 1
+    HashList = @(
+        @{
+            Hash = '{{ module_hash }}'
+            Mode = 'Trusted'
+        }
+    )
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/templates/manifest_v1_unsafe_expression.psd1

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@{
+    Version = 1
+    HashList = @(
+        @{
+            Hash = "$env:TEST_HASH"
+            Mode = 'Trusted'
+        }
+    )
+}

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/test_enabled.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+- name: run signed module
+  ns.col.signed:
+    input: café
+  register: signed_res
+
+- name: assert run signed module
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - signed_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - signed_res.test == 'signed'
+    - signed_res.whoami == current_user
+    - signed_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run inline signed module
+  ns.col.inline_signed:
+    input: café
+  register: inline_signed_res
+
+- name: assert run inline signed module
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - inline_signed_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - inline_signed_res.test == 'inline_signed'
+    - inline_signed_res.whoami == current_user
+    - inline_signed_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run inline signed module that is not trusted
+  ns.col.inline_signed_not_trusted:
+    input: café
+  register: inline_signed_not_trusted_res
+
+- name: assert run inline signed module
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - inline_signed_not_trusted_res.language_mode == 'ConstrainedLanguage'
+    - inline_signed_not_trusted_res.test == 'inline_signed_not_trusted'
+    - inline_signed_not_trusted_res.whoami == current_user
+    - inline_signed_not_trusted_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run signed module to test exec wrapper scope
+  ns.col.scope:
+  register: scoped_res
+
+- name: assert run signed module to test exec wrapper scope
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - scoped_res.missing_using_namespace == True
+    - scoped_res.module_using_namespace == 'System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser'
+    - scoped_res.script_var == 'foo'
+
+- name: run module marked as skipped
+  ns.col.skipped:
+    input: café
+  register: skipped_res
+
+- name: assert run module marked as skipped
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - skipped_res.language_mode == 'ConstrainedLanguage'
+    - skipped_res.test == 'skipped'
+    - skipped_res.whoami == current_user
+    - skipped_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run module marked as skipped with a failure
+  ns.col.skipped:
+    should_fail: true
+  register: skipped_fail_res
+  ignore_errors: true
+
+- name: assert run module marked as skipped with a failure
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - skipped_fail_res is failed
+    - >-
+      skipped_fail_res.msg == "Unhandled exception while executing module: exception here"
+    - skipped_fail_res.exception is search("At .*\\\\ansible_collections\.ns\.col\.plugins\.modules\.skipped-.*\.ps1")
+
+- name: run module marked as unsupported
+  ns.col.unsupported:
+  register: unsupported_res
+  failed_when:
+  - unsupported_res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    unsupported_res.msg is not contains("Provided script for 'ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.modules.unsupported.ps1' is marked as unsupported in CLM mode.")
+
+- name: run module with signed utils
+  ns.col.signed_module_util:
+  register: signed_util_res
+
+- name: assert run module with signed utils
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - signed_util_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - signed_util_res.builtin_powershell_util == 'value'
+    - signed_util_res.csharp_util == 'value'
+    - signed_util_res.powershell_util.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+
+- name: run module with unsigned C# util
+  ns.col.unsigned_csharp_util:
+  register: unsigned_csharp_util_res
+  failed_when:
+  - unsigned_csharp_util_res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    unsigned_csharp_util_res.msg is not contains("C# module util 'ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.CSharpUnsigned.cs' is not trusted and cannot be loaded.")
+
+- name: run module with unsigned Pwsh util
+  ns.col.unsigned_pwsh_util:
+  register: unsigned_pwsh_util_res
+  failed_when:
+  - unsigned_pwsh_util_res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    unsigned_pwsh_util_res.msg is not contains("PowerShell module util 'ansible_collections.ns.col.plugins.module_utils.PwshUnsigned.cs' is not trusted and cannot be loaded.")
+
+- name: run unsigned module with utils
+  ns.col.unsigned_module_with_util:
+  register: unsigned_module_with_util_res
+  failed_when:
+  - unsigned_module_with_util_res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    unsigned_module_with_util_res.msg is not contains("Cannot run untrusted PowerShell script 'ns.col.unsigned_with_util.ps1' in ConstrainedLanguage mode with module util imports.")
+
+- name: run script role
+  import_role:
+    name: ns.col.app_control_script
+
+- name: assert script role result
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - signed_res.rc == 0
+    - (signed_res.stdout | from_json).language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - (signed_res.stdout | from_json).whoami == current_user
+    - (signed_res.stdout | from_json).ünicode == 'café'
+    - unsigned_res.rc == 0
+    - (unsigned_res.stdout | from_json).language_mode == 'ConstrainedLanguage'
+    - (unsigned_res.stdout | from_json).whoami == current_user
+    - (unsigned_res.stdout | from_json).ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: signed module with become
+  ns.col.signed:
+    input: café
+  become: true
+  become_method: runas
+  become_user: SYSTEM
+  register: become_res
+
+- name: assert run signed module with become
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - become_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - become_res.test == 'signed'
+    - become_res.whoami == 'SYSTEM'
+    - become_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: signed module with async
+  ns.col.signed:
+    input: café
+  async: 60
+  poll: 3
+  register: async_res
+
+- name: assert run signed module with async
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - async_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - async_res.test == 'signed'
+    - async_res.whoami == current_user
+    - async_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: copy file
+  win_copy:
+    src: New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1
+    dest: '{{ remote_tmp_dir }}/New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1'
+  register: copy_res
+
+- name: get remote hash of copied file
+  win_stat:
+    path: '{{ remote_tmp_dir }}/New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1'
+    get_checksum: true
+  register: copy_stat
+
+- name: assert copy file
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - copy_res.checksum == copy_stat.stat.checksum
+
+- name: fetch file
+  fetch:
+    src: '{{ remote_tmp_dir }}/New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1'
+    dest: '{{ local_tmp_dir }}/New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1'
+    flat: true
+  register: fetch_res
+
+- name: get local hash of fetch file
+  stat:
+    path: '{{ local_tmp_dir }}/New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1'
+    get_checksum: true
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  register: fetch_stat
+
+- name: assert fetch file
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - fetch_res.checksum == copy_stat.stat.checksum
+    - fetch_res.checksum == fetch_stat.stat.checksum
+
+- name: run signed module with signed module util in another collection
+  ns.module_util_ref.module:
+  register: cross_util_res
+
+- name: assert run signed module with signed module utils in another collection
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - cross_util_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - cross_util_res.csharp_util == 'value'
+    - "cross_util_res.powershell_util == {'language_mode': 'FullLanguage'}"

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/test_manifest.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+# These tests verify various failure conditions that will invalidate a signed manifest
+
+- name: get hash of collection module
+  ansible.builtin.stat:
+    path: '{{ local_tmp_dir }}/ansible_collections/ns/invalid_manifest/plugins/modules/module.ps1'
+    get_checksum: true
+    checksum_algorithm: sha256
+  delegate_to: localhost
+  register: module_hash_raw
+
+- name: set module hash var
+  ansible.builtin.set_fact:
+    module_hash: '{{ module_hash_raw.stat.checksum | upper }}'
+
+- name: create manifest with untrusted signature
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_v1_ok.psd1
+    cert_name: wdac-untrusted
+
+- name: run module with untrusted signed manifest
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': script is not signed or not trusted to run.")
+
+- name: create manifest with no Hashtable
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_no_hashtable.psd1
+
+- name: run module with no Hashtable
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': expecting a single hashtable in the signed manifest.")
+
+- name: create manifest with no Version
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_no_version.psd1
+
+- name: run module with no Version
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': expecting hash list to contain 'Version' key.")
+
+- name: create manifest with invalid Version
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_invalid_version.psd1
+
+- name: run module with invalid Version
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': unsupported hash list Version 2, expecting 1.")
+
+- name: create manifest with no HashList
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_v1_no_hashlist.psd1
+
+- name: run module with no HashList
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': expecting hash list to contain 'HashList' key.")
+
+- name: create manifest with no Hash subkey
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_v1_no_hash_subkey.psd1
+
+- name: run module with no Hash subkey
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': expecting hash list to contain hashtable with Hash key with a value of a SHA256 strings.")
+
+- name: create manifest with invalid Hash subkey value
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_v1_invalid_hash_subkey.psd1
+
+- name: run module with invalid Hash subkey value
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': expecting hash list to contain hashtable with Hash key with a value of a SHA256 strings.")
+
+- name: create manifest with no Mode subkey
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_v1_no_mode_subkey.psd1
+
+- name: run module with no Mode subkey
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': expecting hash list entry for " ~ module_hash ~ " to contain a mode of 'Trusted' or 'Unsupported' but got ''.")
+
+- name: create manfiest with invalid Mode subkey value
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_v1_invalid_mode_subkey.psd1
+
+- name: run module with invalid Mode subkey value
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not contains("Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections.ns.invalid_manifest.meta.powershell_signatures.psd1': expecting hash list entry for " ~ module_hash ~ " to contain a mode of 'Trusted' or 'Unsupported' but got 'Other'.")
+
+- name: create manifest with unsafe expressions
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: create_manifest.yml
+  vars:
+    manifest_file: manifest_v1_unsafe_expression.psd1
+
+- name: run module with unsafe expressions
+  ns.invalid_manifest.module:
+    input: café
+  register: res
+  failed_when:
+  - res.failed == False
+  - >-
+    res.msg is not search("failure during exec_wrapper: Failed to process signed manifest 'ansible_collections\.ns\.invalid_manifest\.meta\.powershell_signatures.psd1':.*Cannot generate a Windows PowerShell object for a ScriptBlock evaluating dynamic expressions")

test/integration/targets/win_app_control/test_not_enabled.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+# When App Control is not enabled we expect modules even if signed or unsigned should
+# run without any changes in FullLanguageMode.
+
+- name: run signed module
+  ns.col.signed:
+    input: café
+  register: signed_res
+
+- name: assert run signed module
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - signed_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - signed_res.test == 'signed'
+    - signed_res.whoami == current_user
+    - signed_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run inline signed module
+  ns.col.inline_signed:
+    input: café
+  register: inline_signed_res
+
+- name: assert run inline signed module
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - inline_signed_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - inline_signed_res.test == 'inline_signed'
+    - inline_signed_res.whoami == current_user
+    - inline_signed_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run inline signed module that is not trusted
+  ns.col.inline_signed_not_trusted:
+    input: café
+  register: inline_signed_not_trusted_res
+
+- name: assert run inline signed module
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - inline_signed_not_trusted_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - inline_signed_not_trusted_res.test == 'inline_signed_not_trusted'
+    - inline_signed_not_trusted_res.whoami == current_user
+    - inline_signed_not_trusted_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run signed module to test exec wrapper scope
+  ns.col.scope:
+  register: scoped_res
+
+- name: assert run signed module to test exec wrapper scope
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - scoped_res.missing_using_namespace == True
+    - scoped_res.module_using_namespace == 'System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser'
+    - scoped_res.script_var == 'foo'
+
+- name: run module marked as skipped
+  ns.col.skipped:
+    input: café
+  register: skipped_res
+
+- name: assert run module marked as skipped
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - skipped_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - skipped_res.test == 'skipped'
+    - skipped_res.whoami == current_user
+    - skipped_res.ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run module marked as unsupported
+  ns.col.unsupported:
+  register: unsupported_res
+
+- name: assert run module marked as unsupported
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - unsupported_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - unsupported_res.test == 'unsupported'
+    - unsupported_res.whoami == current_user
+
+- name: run module with signed utils
+  ns.col.signed_module_util:
+  register: signed_util_res
+
+- name: assert run module with signed utils
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - signed_util_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - signed_util_res.builtin_powershell_util == 'value'
+    - signed_util_res.csharp_util == 'value'
+    - signed_util_res.powershell_util.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+
+- name: run module with unsigned C# util
+  ns.col.unsigned_csharp_util:
+  register: unsigned_csharp_util_res
+
+- name: assert run module with unsigned C# util
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - unsigned_csharp_util_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - unsigned_csharp_util_res.res == 'value'
+
+- name: run module with unsigned Pwsh util
+  ns.col.unsigned_pwsh_util:
+  register: unsigned_pwsh_util_res
+
+- name: assert run module with unsigned Pwsh util
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - unsigned_pwsh_util_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - unsigned_pwsh_util_res.res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+
+- name: run unsigned module with utils
+  ns.col.unsigned_module_with_util:
+  register: unsigned_module_with_util_res
+
+- name: assert run unsigned module with utils
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - unsigned_module_with_util_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - unsigned_module_with_util_res.builtin_csharp == True
+    - unsigned_module_with_util_res.builtin_pwsh == True
+    - unsigned_module_with_util_res.collection_csharp == True
+    - unsigned_module_with_util_res.collection_pwsh == True
+
+- name: run script role
+  import_role:
+    name: ns.col.app_control_script
+
+- name: assert script role result
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - signed_res.rc == 0
+    - (signed_res.stdout | from_json).language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - (signed_res.stdout | from_json).whoami == current_user
+    - (signed_res.stdout | from_json).ünicode == 'café'
+    - unsigned_res.rc == 0
+    - (unsigned_res.stdout | from_json).language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - (unsigned_res.stdout | from_json).whoami == current_user
+    - (unsigned_res.stdout | from_json).ünicode == 'café'
+
+- name: run signed module with signed module util in another collection
+  ns.module_util_ref.module:
+  register: cross_util_res
+
+- name: assert run signed module with signed module utils in another collection
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - cross_util_res.language_mode == 'FullLanguage'
+    - cross_util_res.csharp_util == 'value'
+    - "cross_util_res.powershell_util == {'language_mode': 'FullLanguage'}"

test/integration/targets/win_exec_wrapper/library/test_no_utils.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!powershell
+
+#AnsibleRequires -Wrapper
+
+@{
+    changed = $false
+    complex_args = $complex_args
+} | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 99

test/integration/targets/win_exec_wrapper/tasks/main.yml

@@ -328,3 +328,14 @@
     - exec_wrapper_scope.util_res.module_using_namespace == 'System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2'
     - exec_wrapper_scope.util_res.missing_using_namespace == True
     - exec_wrapper_scope.util_res.script_var == 'bar'
+
+- name: test module without any util references
+  test_no_utils:
+    foo: bar
+  register: no_utils_res
+
+- name: assert test module without any util references
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - no_utils_res is not changed
+    - "no_utils_res.complex_args == {'foo': 'bar'}"

test/integration/targets/win_script/files/test_script_unicode.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+'ünicode'

test/integration/targets/win_script/tasks/main.yml

@@ -338,3 +338,12 @@
     # SSH includes debug output in stderr, and WinRM on 2016 includes a trailing newline
     # Use a simple search to ensure the expected stderr is present but ignoring any extra output
     - script_stderr.stderr is search("stderr 1\r\nstderr 2\r\n")
+
+- name: run script with non-ASCII contents
+  script: test_script_unicode.ps1
+  register: script_unicode
+
+- name: assert run script with non-ASCII contents
+  assert:
+    that:
+    - script_unicode.stdout | trim == 'ünicode'

test/sanity/ignore.txt

@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ test/integration/targets/template/templates/encoding_1252.j2 no-smart-quotes
 test/integration/targets/template/templates/encoding_1252.j2 no-unwanted-characters
 test/integration/targets/unicode/unicode.yml no-smart-quotes
 test/integration/targets/windows-minimal/library/win_ping_syntax_error.ps1 pslint!skip
+test/integration/targets/win_app_control/files/New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1 pslint:PSCustomUseLiteralPath  # We want to use wildcard matching with -Path
+test/integration/targets/win_app_control/files/New-AnsiblePowerShellSignature.ps1 shebang  # We want to run with pwsh from the environment in the test
+test/integration/targets/win_app_control/files/Set-ManifestSignature.ps1 shebang  # We want to run with pwsh from the environment in the test
 test/integration/targets/win_exec_wrapper/library/test_fail.ps1 pslint:PSCustomUseLiteralPath
 test/integration/targets/win_exec_wrapper/tasks/main.yml no-smart-quotes  # We are explicitly testing smart quote support for env vars
 test/integration/targets/win_fetch/tasks/main.yml no-smart-quotes  # We are explictly testing smart quotes in the file name to fetch

test/units/plugins/action/test_action.py

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_bytes
 from ansible._internal._datatag._tags import TrustedAsTemplate
 from ansible.playbook.play_context import PlayContext
 from ansible.plugins.action import ActionBase
+from ansible.plugins.shell import _ShellCommand
 from ansible.vars.clean import clean_facts
 from ansible.template import Templar
 from ansible.plugins import loader
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ class TestActionBase(unittest.TestCase):
         # create a mock connection, so we don't actually try and connect to things
         mock_connection = MagicMock()
         mock_connection.transport = 'ssh'
-        mock_connection._shell.mkdtemp.return_value = 'mkdir command'
+        mock_connection._shell._mkdtemp2.return_value = _ShellCommand(command='mkdir command')
         mock_connection._shell.join_path.side_effect = os.path.join
         mock_connection._shell.get_option = get_shell_opt
         mock_connection._shell.HOMES_RE = re.compile(r'(\'|\")?(~|\$HOME)(.*)')